12. Neuroanatomy of pain Flashcards
5 steps of nocicpetive pathway
- Transduction
- Transmission
- Relay
- Integration & interpretation
- Modulation
What are the 3 types of nociceptors?
- mechanical nociceptors
- thermal nociceptors
- polymodal nociceptors
Do mechanical nociceptors have rapid or slow conduction?
rapid (5-30 m/s) conduction
Do thermal nociceptors have rapid or slow conduction?
rapid (5-30 m/s) conduction (selective to heat or cold)
Do polymodal nociceptors have rapid or slow conduction?
slow (0.5-2 m/s) conduction (mechanical, heat, chemical)
What types of fibers are afferent fibers of pain pathway?
Alpha-delta and C fibers
Name different classes of primary affernt fibers
What are the 4 tracts of pain pathways?
- Spinothalamic tract (reticular formation, periaquaductal gray (PAG))
- Spinoreticulothalamic tract
- Spinohypothalamic tract
- Spinomesencephalic tract
Describe spinal pain control based on gate control theory
a mechanism, in the spinal cord, in which pain signals can be sent up to the brain to be processed to accentuate the possible perceived pain, or attenuate it at the spinal cord itself.
=> The ‘gate’ is the mechanism where pain signals can be let through or restricted.
Describe supraspinal, descending pain control
describe trigeminal nociceptive pathway
How to reach central sensitization from injuries and inflammations?
What is placebo-nocebo effect?
Placebo and nocebo effects are psychobiological events imputable to the therapeutic context. Placebo is defined as an inert substance that provokes perceived benefits, whereas the term nocebo is used when an inert substance causes perceived harm.
Basic structures of the “pain matrix”
What do blue areas represent?
(ACC anterior cingulate cortex, INS insula, dlPFC dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, SI primary somatosensory cortex, SII secondary somatosensory cortex)
common structures in sensory/discriminative pain pathway (thalamus, SI, SII).
Basic structures of the “pain matrix”
What do orange areas represent?
(ACC anterior cingulate cortex, INS insula, dlPFC dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, SI primary somatosensory cortex, SII secondary somatosensory cortex)
Orange areas represent common structures identified in affective/motivational pain pathway (ACC, INS)
Basic structures of the “pain matrix”
What does green region represent?
(ACC anterior cingulate cortex, INS insula, dlPFC dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, SI primary somatosensory cortex, SII secondary somatosensory cortex)
Green region represents one component of the cognitive/evaluative pain system (dlPFC)
