20.9: MSK week Flashcards
How does Perthe’s disease present and how is it treated?
- Young small breeds dog
- Hip pain
- Managed with FHNO or THR
How does panosteitis present?
- Shifting multi-limb lameness with bone pain
- Seen in the GSD but also with other breeds
- Self-limiting
Nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism may be associated with what type of diet in the young animal?
An all-meat diet in the young animal
3 main manifestations of osteochondrosis in the elbow
- Fragmented medial coronoid
- Osteochondrosis of medial humeral condyle
- Ununited anconeal
This is known as medial compartment disease.
How can you manage angular limb deformities?
These occur when the growth plates are open.
* Can prevent growth on the opposite side of the growth plate
* OR can wait until mature and straighten the limb with either opening or closing wedge osteotomy
Treatment of soft tissue shoulder injuries
- Rest
- Intra-articular corticosteroids
- Sectioning of the biceps tendon
- Imbrication of the medial collateral ligament
Treatment of traumatic carpal hyperextension injuries
Arthrodesis
Treatment of traumatic tarsal subluxation
These are often degenerative
-> Arthrodesis
You see an older dog/cat who is painful and has marked muscle atrophy following a pattern of innervation. What are you suspicious of?
Nerve root tumour
How will you treat an acute vs a chronic infection that occurred after fracture fixation?
- Acute infection - antibiotics
- Chronic infection - rigid fixation, remove sequestrum and implants once the fracture has healed
What does a PennHIP scheme tell you?
The degree of subluxation in hip dysplasia
When will an animal show clinical signs of hip dysplasia and why?
It is a biphasic condition
* Young animal <1 y.o. ; signs are due to hip subluxation
* Older animal : signs are due to development of osteoarthritis
Which form of patella luxation is seen in small breeds, Labs, bull terriers?
- Medial luxation
Which form of patella luxation is seen in larger dogs and Flat Coats?
- Lateral luxation
When should you operate on a patella luxation?
- When the dog is showing clinical signs
- In young dogs where the abnormal pull of the quadriceps will distort the limb further
Clinical signs of patella luxation in the cat vs dog?
- Dogs - characteristic “skipping” gait
- Cats - collapse on the affected limb rather than skipping
If a dog walks into the room with a hindlimb lameness that has been present for one week or more, it has ???? until proven otherwise
Cruciate disease
How can you diagnose cruciate disease?
- Cranial/anterior draw
- Tibial thrust/ compression test
How do you treat cruciate disease?
- Conservative management - appropriate for cats and dogs under 5kg
- Surgical: prosthetic cruciate ligaments, or changing the conformation of the stifle (TPLO, TTA, TTO)
True/false: an animal presenting with PUO should have joint taps taken even if there are no clinical signs suggesting polyarthritis.
True
