16.8.1: Breeding Flashcards
This dog is in:
a) proestrus
b) oestrus
c) metoestrus
d) dioestrus
a) proestrus or b) oestrus
The vagina is oedematous with folds and mucus; it remains this way until oestrogen declines
Phase O = oedematous phase
This dog is in:
a) proestrus
b) oestrus
c) metoestrus
d) dioestrus
a) proestrus or b) metoestrus
The vagina is oedematous with folds and mucus; it remainds this way until oestrogen declines
Phase O = oedematous phase
This dog is in
a) proestrus
b) oestrus
c) metoestrus
d) dioestrus
b) oestrus
Will ovulate in about 2 days, oestrogen is declining.
This dog is in:
a) proestrus
b) oestrus
c) metoestrus
d) dioestrus
b) oestrus
Ovulation is occurring now (Phase A1)
Where is this dog in relation to the fertilisation period?
Beginning of the fertilisation period
Ovulation occurred 2 days ago.
This is Phase A2
Where is this dog in relation to the fertilisation period?
Middle of fertilisation period
Ovulation occurred 4 days ago
Where is this dog in relation to the fertilisation period?
End of fertilisation period
Ovulation occurred 6 days ago
Progesterone is still rising
Which phase of her cycle in this dog in?
Luteal phase
Label stages 1-5
1 - Anoestrus
2 - Proestrus
3 - Early oestrus
4 - Late oestrus
5 - Metoestrus
What effect does elevated plasma oestrogen have on vaginal cytology?
- Elevated plasma oestrogen -> epithelial proliferation
- Epithelium changes from cuboidal to stratified squamous
How can we assess the stage of a bitch’s cycle from vaginal cytology?
- Estimation of ‘cornflake cell index’
- Assessment of number of WBCs
How long after ovulation can be detect pregnancy by ultrasound in the bitch?
- 20 days after ovulation
- Generally we opt for 28days from mating as the day of ovulation is not always known
Cystic endometrial hyperplasia
Mucometra
There is a small volume of fluid in the uterine lumen
Early pyometra
There is thickening of the uterine wall and fluid accumulation
Pyometra
Gross distension of the uterus with pus
Pregnancy
21 days from ovulation
Embryo visible within anechoic yolk sac
Pregnancy
28 days from ovulation
Embryo visible within the anechoic collapsing yolk sac and amnion
1 - collapsing yolk sac
2 - amnion
Granulosa cell tumour in the bitch
There is marked enlargement, visible on radiography only as a soft tissue opacity
What changes might we find on radiography if the puppies are dead?
- Mineralisation of the skeleton occurs at day 45 - assess number of pups by counting skulls
- Gas in foetus and uterus - pups have been dead for some time; check especially for accumulation of gas in blood vessels of the foetus
- Check for foetal change in shape: overlapping of the skill bones, abnormal posture
True/false: progesterone can be used to assess timing of mating in the bitch.
True
Progesterone rises before and throughout ovulation
What venereal pathogens do we need to screen for in the bitch?
- Brucella canis
- Canine herpes virus
- There are other viral infections that can cause pregnancy loss (canine parvovirus, canine adrenovirus, canine distemper) if the bitch becomes infected during pregnancy but these are NOT venereal pathogens
What venreal pathogens do we need to screen for in the queen?
Feline leukaemia virus (FeLV)
* This is implicated in infertility, resorption and abortion
* This is the most common cause of infectious infertility
* Screening of queens prior to breeding is important
Which feline viruses, although not venereal pathogens, can cause pregnancy loss if the queen is infected during pregnancy?
- Feline herpes virus - can cause late abortion, vaccine = effective prevention
- Feline panleucopenia viruse - can cause abortion, stillbirth, cerebellar hypoplasia
