2016 patho Flashcards
A man has a long history of rheumatoid arthritis and recently developed systemic amyloidosis affecting the liver and the kidney, what are the kidney and liver diseases termed as?
a. Complication
b. Manifestation
c. Prognosis
d. Pathogenesis
a. Complication
A tumor is removed from the ovary of a 15 years old girl, it contains hair teeth skin and cartilage, what best describes it?
a. Mature teratoma
b. Hamartoma
a. Mature teratoma
What is the important parameter for tumor grading?
a. Lymph node involvement
b. The degree of differentiation
c. Amount of metastasis
b. The degree of differentiation
What is an example of uncontrolled focal proliferation with no metastases?
a. Adenocarcinoma
b. Fibroadenoma of breast
b. Fibroadenoma of breast
What is the most common cause of cardiogenic shock?
a. Cardiac valve disease
b. Hemorrhage
c. Myocarditis
d. Myocardial infraction
d. Myocardial infraction
A serious complication of DVT?
a. MI
b. Pulmonary embolism
b. Pulmonary embolism
What pigment deposits in the heart muscle leading to brown atrophy?
a. Copper
b. Iron
c. Lipofuscin
d. Melanin
c. Lipofuscin
What would a liver biopsy from a patient suffering from kwarishkor show?
a. Granuloma
b. Fatty change
c. Fibrosis
d. Necrosis
b. Fatty change
A 52 year old man came in with CML, further tests show a 9:22 translocation, what is the cause?
Activation of ABL results in high activity tyrosine kinase
Which is attributed to cell hypertrophy?
a. Chronic inflammation of the uterine cervix
b. Liver growth after partial resection
c. Myometrial enlargement during pregnancy
d. Thyroid enlargement due to iodine deficiency
c. Myometrial enlargement during pregnancy
Which mechanism explains the immortality of cancer cells?
a. Defective DNA repair
b. Pro-angiogenic factors secretion
c. Helicase enzyme activity
d. Telomerase activity
d. Telomerase activity
What is a characteristic of acute inflammation?
a. Accumulation of neutrophils
b. Accumulation of lymphocytes
a. Accumulation of neutrophils
Which is a morphologic manifestation of chronic inflammation?
a. Abscess formation
b. Fibrous inflammation
c. Granuloma formation
c. Granuloma formation
Which cell type produces cytokine IFN-Y and activates macrophages by the classical pathway?
a. CD8+ lymphocytes
b. Th1 cells
c. Th2 cells
d. Th17 cells
b. Th1 cells
Which of the following is labile tissue
a. Heart
b. Bone marrow
c. Kidney
d. Liver
b. Bone marrow
Which cell is responsible for depositing the extracellular matrix in bone healing?
a. Fibroblasts
b. Macrophages
c. Lymphocytes
a. Fibroblasts
What term is used for fracture of normal bone due to sudden and unexpected strain?
a. Pathologic fracture
b. Stress fracture
c. Spontaneous fracture
d. Green-stick fracture
c. Spontaneous fracture
If a soft tissue is involved between two ends of a bone fracture, what will be the result?
a. Non-union
b. Enhanced union
c. Delayed union
a. Non-union
Which type of amyloid produce (AL)?
a. Immune derived
b. Reactive
c. Heredofamilial
a. Immune derived
Amyloid protein is observed under polarized microscopy, which stain is used?
a. Congo red
b. H&E stain
c. Apple-green stain
a. Congo red
Which pigment offers protection against the harmful effects of UV light?
a. Ceruloplasmin
b. Hemosiderin
c. Lipofuscin
d. Melanin
d. Melanin
A 65 years old woman was hospitalised for pneumonia and she developed a thrombus in her femoral vein, what is the cause?
a. Atherosclerosis
b. Vericous vein
c. Immobilization
c. Immobilization
Extensive research on one type of lung disease couldn’t uncover any etiology leading to the disease. In what category is the disease best classified?
a. Congenital
b. Acquired
c. latrogenic
d. Idiopathic
d. Idiopathic
Which is a negative acute phase protein?
a. Haptoglobin
b. Pre-albumin
c. Ceruloplasmin
b. Pre-albumin
Which of the following proteins measures renal function?
a. Microglobulin & albumin
b. Haptoglobin
c. Ceruplasmin
a. Microglobulin & albumin
A dehydrated patient was admitted to the hospital, what formula should the doctor use to calculate osmolality?
2Na+ glucose+ urea
Which one is a secondary cause of dyslipidemia?
a. Inherited apo C-II deficiency
b. LPL deficiency
c. Familial hypercholesterolemia
d. Diabetes mellitus
d. Diabetes mellitus
In which of hyperlipidemia types do we have both cholesterol and TAG levels increased?
a. Type IIa
b. Type IIb
c. Type IV
d. Type V
b. Type IIb
