2011 pharma

Question 1

Which of the following properties of the drugs is an indicator of drug safety?
A. Low therapeutic index
B. High therapeutic index

Answer 1

B. High therapeutic index

Question 2

Which group of drugs produces its effect without binding to a receptor or a macromolecular substance?
A. Aspirin 
B. Alcohol
C. Antacids
D. Penicillin

Answer 2

C. Antacids

Question 3

which if the following statements is true regarding the routes of administration?
A. Gastric motility affects the absorption of a drug if administered orally
B. Oral drugs have 100% bioavailability
C. IV drugs can cross the blood-brain barrier
D. Intramuscular administration is not good for unconscious patients

Answer 3

A. Gastric motility affects the absorption of a drug if administered orally

Question 4

In which type of toxicity can we use chelating agents?
A. Alcohol poisoning
B. Heavy metal toxicity
C. Drug overdose

Answer 4

B. Heavy metal toxicity

Question 5

What is the likely cause of drug accumulation in the elderly?
A. Elevated renal function
B. Declined renal function
C. Elevated liver function

Answer 5

B. Declined renal function

Question 6

What should be accounted for when administering an antibiotic that is extensively metabolized?
A. Hepatic function
B. Renal function

Answer 6

A. Hepatic function

Question 7

A patient suffers from a polymorphism in one of the CYP450 enzymes, which makes him a poor metabolizer of drugs metabolized by that enzyme. What is the effect on the response if a drug metabolized by that enzyme is administered?
A. Low response
B. Increased toxicity

Answer 7

B. Increased toxicity

Question 8

Which of the following is true regarding facilitated diffusion?
A. ATP is required
B. From low to high concentration
C. A carrier is required

Answer 8

C. A carrier is required

Question 9

A person suffered a morphine overdose. The concentration of the drug in his system is 32 mg/L. How long will it take for the concentration of the drug to drop to 2mg/L, the safe concentration if the half-life of the drug is 6 hours?
A. 24 hours
B. 16 hours
C. never

Answer 9

A. 24 hours

Question 10

The activation of which receptor induces lipolysis?
A. α2
B. β3
C. β2

Answer 10

B. β3

Question 11

What is the rate limiting step of noradrenaline synthesis?
A. Dopamine to nonepinephrine
B. Tyrosine to DOPA
C. DOPA to dopamine

Answer 11

B. Tyrosine to DOPA

Question 12

What is the β2 agonist that is used in the treatment of asthma by inducing bronchodilation?
A. Salbutamol
B. Dobutamine
C. Clonidine

Answer 12

A. Salbutamol

Question 13

Salicylate is a weak acidic drug with a pka of 3.0. It was administered orally and reached the stomach where the pH was 3.0. What will be the percentage of the ionized salicylate acid?
A. 75%
B. 90%
C. 50%

Answer 13

C. 50%

pH = pKa + log [A-] /[HA]

Question 14

Calculate the half-life of a drug with volume of distribution of 80L and a clearance rate of 1.386 L/hour
A. 50 hours
B. 40 hours
C. 30 hours

Answer 14

B. 40 hours

use Cl=Vd x Ke and T1/2= 0.693/ke

Question 15

What do we call decreased response to a drug because of frequent exposure?

Answer 15

Desensitization

Question 16

Which of the following is a selective α1 antagonist used for the treatment of hypertension?
A. propranolol
B. prazosin
C. Atenolol

Answer 16

B. prazosin

Question 17

Which of the following is true regarding renal clearance?
A. Acidification of urine enhances the reabsorption of aspirin
B. The rate of clearance in women is higher than men

Answer 17

A. Acidification of urine enhances the reabsorption of aspirin

Question 18

Which of the following best describes idiosyncratic reactions?
A. Normal and predictable
B. Bizarre and unpredictable
C. Occurs for a majority of people

Answer 18

B. Bizarre and unpredictable

Question 19

Which of the following is involved in Phase-II metabolism?
A. Sulfation
B. Oxidation
C. Hydrolysis
D. Reduction

Answer 19

A. Sulfation

Question 20

What is a pharmacokinetic drug interaction?

Answer 20

Displacement of a drug from albumin by another drug

Question 21

50 mg of drug A and 10 mg of drug B have the same effect. Which of the following statements is true?
A. Drug A is more potent than drug B
B. Drug B is more potent that drug A
C. This question is not stupid

Answer 21

B. Drug B is more potent that drug A

Question 22

which of the following drugs can be used for the treatment of organophosphate poisoning?
A. Gentamycin
B. Atropine
C. Hemicholinium

Answer 22

B. Atropine

Question 23

What is the mechanism of action of hemicholinium?
A. Inhibits Ach storage
B. Inhibits Ach release
C. Inhibits the uptake of choline

Answer 23

C. Inhibits the uptake of choline

Question 24

If a drug binds to a receptor but it does not result in a response, the drug is said to be a/an:

a. agonist
b. antagonist
c. synergistic drug

Answer 24

b. antagonist

Question 25

Which of the following is a characteristic of type A (augmented) reactions? a. Related to the pharmacological action of the drug b. Unrelated to pharmacological actions of the drug c. only occur after prolonged treatment

Answer 25

a. Related to the pharmacological action of the drug

Question 26

What is the mechanism of action of vinca alkaloids? a. Tyrosine kinase inhibitor b. Angiogenesis inhibitor c. Prevent the polymerization of tubulin

Answer 26

c. Prevent the polymerization of tubulin

Question 27

What is an adverse effect of suxamethonium? a. hyperkalemia b. malignant hypothermia c. tachycardia

Answer 27

a. hyperkalemia

Question 28

When is carbachol contraindicated? a. hypothyroidism b. peptic ulcer c. low sodium

Answer 28

b. peptic ulcer | the question is basically asking "why are muscarinic agonists contraindicated?"

Question 29

What receptor does Mivacurium act on? a. Nicotinic receptor b. Muscarinic receptor

Answer 29

a. Nicotinic receptor