2015 patho Flashcards
Which of the following describes metaplasia of the esophagus?
A) squamous to columnar epithelium
B) columnar to squamous epithelium
A) squamous to columnar epithelium
A man experienced a myocardial infarction and expired. What will you find when you examine the heart 48 hours later?
A) No change
B) Inflammation and edema
C) Fibrosis
B) Inflammation and edema
How can liver cirrhosis cause edema?
A) Reduction of oncotic pressure
B) Increase in hydrostatic pressure
C) Lymphatic obstruction
A) Reduction of oncotic pressure
TNM system is used for what?
A) Grading tumors
B) Staging tumors
B) Staging tumors
A man with an abscess came to the hospital and had it excised. The lab identified Staphylococcus aureus. Which of the following described s. Aureus?
A) Etiology
B) Pathogenesis
C) Prognosis
A) Etiology
Which of the following characterizes acute inflammation?
A) Vascular changes
B) Lymphocytosis
A) Vascular changes
Which is an example of reversible change?
A) Pyknosis
B) Karryorhexis
C) Edema
C) Edema
Which of the following is malignant?
A) Melanoma
B) Glioma
A) Melanoma
A woman with Alzheimer’s disease will most likely have what type of amyloid plaques in her brain?
A) ATTR amyloid
B) b2 macroglobulin amyloid
C) AB amyloid
C) AB amyloid
What is the first step of fracture healing?
A) Hematoma
B) Provisional callus
A) Hematoma
What causes Wilson’s disease?
A) decreased amounts of caeruloplasmin
B) deficiency of copper
A) decreased amounts of caeruloplasmin
A person came in with PH of 7.1, HCo3 5, CO2 16. What acid/base disorder is he suffering from? A) Metabolic acidosis B) Metabolic alkalosis C) Respiratory acidosis D) Respiratory alkalosis
A) Metabolic acidosis
What delays fracture healing?
A) Interposition of soft tissue
B) UV rays
A) Interposition of soft tissue
What will predominantly cause thrombosis?
A) vasoconstriction
B) endothelial injury
B) endothelial injury
What is dystrophic calcification?
A) Deposition of calcium in cardiac tissue
B) Deposition of calcium in dying tissue
C) Deposition of calcium the uterus
B) Deposition of calcium in dying tissue
What would happen if the mitochondria function decreased?
A) Hot intolerance
B) Cold intolerance
B) Cold intolerance
What do cancer cells attain when P53 is mutated?
A) Resist apoptosis
B) Evading growth suppressors
B) Evading growth suppressors
What is characterized by an excess of collagen synthesis in the skin forming a raised scar?
Keloid
What is the pathogenesis of amyloid deposits?
A) They reduce blood flow to tissue
B) Causing pressure on cells and tissues
B) Causing pressure on cells and tissues
What is the response of the body when osmolarity of the ECM increases?
A) ADH inhibition
B) ADH secretion
C) Thirst inhibited
B) ADH secretion
In what infection will you find an increased amount of eosinophils?
Schistosomiasis
What characterizes granulation tissue?
Angiogenesis
Which plasma protein can lead to emphysema in young adults if deficient?
A) beta2- microglobulin
B) α-fetoprotein (AFP)
C) a1-antitrypsin
C) a1-antitrypsin
What is the function of Apo lipoprotein C-II?
A) Activates LPL
B) Ligand for LDL receptor
C) Activator of LCAT
A) Activates LPL
What can cause megaloblastic anemia?
A) Folate toxicity
B) Folate deficiency
B) Folate deficiency
If a tissue has the following characteristic: nuclear pleomorphism, hyperchromatism, and rapid mitotic activity, what is the appropriate term?
A) Carcinoma in situ
B) Metaplasia
C) Teratoma
A) Carcinoma in situ
What is the formula for calculating LDL?
LDL = total – (HDL + TG/2.2)
