2011 micro Flashcards
A cattle farmer presented with a fever (rising and falling). Laboratory tests showed a gram negative coccobacillus that grows on a blood agar with carbon dioxide. What is this organism? A) Brucella melitensis B) Brucella abortus C) Brucella suis D) Brucella canis
Brucella abortus
Which of the following is carried by sheep and goats? A) Brucella melitensis B) Brucella abortus C) Brucella suis D) Brucella canis
Brucella melitensis
An 18-month old child presented with diarrhea, which was described and nonspecific and neither bloody nor watery. Lab results showed the bacteria “escherechia coli” with characteristic attaching and effacing lesions in the intestine. What type of E.coli is this?
A) Enterotoxigenic E. coli
B) Enteroinvasive E. coli
C) Enteropathogenic E. coli
Enteropathogenic E. coli
What event coincides with fever in a typhoid infection?
A) primary/transient bactermia
B) secondary bacteremia
C) cholecystitis
Secondary bacteremia (it says septicemia in our slides)
Which of the following organisms result in hemolytic uremic syndrome? A) Enterohemorrhagic E.coli B) shigella dysenteriae type-1 C) stenotrophomonas maltophilia D) A and B E) B and C
D
A child was admitted to the hospital with respiratory distress. An examination showed necrotic pharyngeal tissue with exudate pseudomembranous. When the mother was asked she said that she didn’t vaccinate him. What is the likely cause for the child’s condition?
A) Listeria monocytogenes
B) Corynebacterium diptheriae
C) Corynebacterium diphtheroid
Corynebacterium diptheriae
A man and his wife went to a Chinese restaurant and ate rice. Shortly after they developed abdominal pain and vomiting. What is the cause of their condition?
Bacillus cereus
Food poisoning bacteria with preformed toxin; associated with reheated fried rice or tacos
What causes lyme disease?
A) borrelia burgdorferi
B) Treponema carateum
C) leptospira interrogans
borrelia burgdorferi
What is the causative agent of chancroid?
A) Haemophilus aegypticus
B) Bacteroides fragilis
C) Haemophilus ducreyi
Haemophilus ducreyi
Haemophilus species need the X and V factors for growth. What medium can provide both of these factors? A) charcoal media B) chocolate agar C) blood agar D) milk chocolate agar
chocolate agar
What anaerobic bacteria produces double zone of hemolysis on a blood agar?
A) clostridium perfringens
B) clostridium tetani
C) clostridium botulinum
clostridium perfringens
why? because of the theta toxin
A man presented with urethral discharge. Microscopy of the discharge showed a lot of pus cells but no stainable microorganisms in gram smear. What could be the causative agent?
Chlamydiae trachomatis
What enzyme do anaerobic bacteria lack?
A) Nucleases
B) Proteases
C) Superoxide dismutase
Superoxide dismutase
What is a characteristic of mycoplasma species?
A) they’re bipolar
B) they lack proteases
C) they lack a cell wall
they lack a cell wall
What is the clumping factor in staphylococcus aureus involved in?
clot formation
What allows staphylococcus epidermidis to adhere to artificial heart valves, prosthesis, and catheters?
A) antigen 85 complex
B) polysaccharide slime
polysaccharide slime
What is the reservoir for Neisseria meningitides in humans?
A) GI tract
B) Nasopharynx
C) cervix
Nasopharynx
What is the reservoir for helicobacter pylori? A) pigs B) cattle C) sheep/goats D) humans
humans
What is the most important factor that causes disease in a vibrio cholera infection?
A) Enterotoxin
B) Alpha toxin
C) Theta toxin
Enterotoxin
What allows Neisseria gonorrhea to adhere to the urethral surface?
A) Biofilm
B) Fimbriae
C) Pillus
Fimbriae
What stain do we use to visualize mycobacterium tuberculosis?
A) Dark-ground microscopy
B) Silver stain
C) Ziehl neelsen
Ziehl neelsen
What is a characteristic of Streptococcus pneumoniae?
A) Optochin resistant
B) Optochin sensitive
Optochin sensitive
What is the main virulence factor of Streptococcus pneumonia?
A) capsule
B) fibrea
C) flagella
capsule
Which enzyme activity characterizes pseudomonas?
a. Oxidase
b. Protease
Oxidase
In which country is legionnaire’s disease endemic?
A) Africa
B) China
C) Spain
Spain
What method is best used to diagnose invasive amoebic infections?
Serology
Which of the following organisms produce endospores?
A) Porphyromonas gingivalis
B) Fusobacterium nucleatum
C) Clostridium botulinum
Clostridium botulinum
What corresponds to the avian (bird) flu? A) H3N2 B) H5N1 C) H2N1 D) H3N4
H5N1
Which hepatitis virus is contracted by ingesting fruits and vegetables?
A) Hepatitis A
B) Hepatitis B
C) Hepatitis C
A
Hepatitis E too
Which of the following is true regarding an HSV-1 infection in toddlers.
A) The virus remains latent in the trigeminal ganglia
B) It increases the risk of developing cancer in later life
C) It results in a disseminated rash
A
What is the mechanism by which giardia lamblia cauases loose fatty stools?
Attachment of the organism to the villi in duodenum and prevention of absorption
What is the site of infection of giardiasis (giardia lamblia)?
a. Duodenum
b. Jejunum
c. Ileum
a. Duodenum
What specimen is used in the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis?
a. Spleen aspirate
b. Bone marrow aspirate
c. Serology
b. Microscopy of bone marrow aspirate
A deficiency in which of the following results in 100% immunity against vivax malaria?
a. Sickle cell trait
b. Duffy antigen
c. G6PD deficiency
b. Duffy antigen
What is the best choice for diagnosing hydatid disease?
a. Specific IgG
b, Specific IgM
c. Specific IgE
a. Specific IgG
What is responsible for the bladder disease in a schistosoma infection?
a. Larvae
b. Ova
b. Ova
What does the wuchereria parasite, the causative agent of filariasis, infect in humans?
a. Lymphatic vessels
b. Subcutaneous nodes
a. Lymphatic vessels
What causes cutaneous warts?
a. Polyoma virus
b. Papilloma virus
c. Pox virus
b. Papilloma virus
What corresponds to the avian flu?
a. H1N1
b. H2N2
c. H5N2
d. H5N1
d. H5N1
Which virus has a segmented RNA genome?
a. Influenza virus
b. Mumps virus
c. Metapneumovirus
a. Influenza virus
Which of the following is true regarding a chronic hepatitis B infection?
a. Most patients with have the hepatitis B surface antigen
b. Mothers with a chronic hepatitis B infection with give birth to babies with severe jaundice
a. Most patients with have the hepatitis B surface antigen
A person went to the ophthalmologist complaining of keratitis. The doctor also noticed he has conjunctivitis and enlarged periauriclar lymph nodes. What is the likely viral causative agent?
a. Parapoxvirus
b. Adenovirus
c. Metapneumovirus
b. Adenovirus
Which parasite causes sleeplessness in children and is endemic in Kuwait?
a. Strongyloides stercoralis
b. Entrobius vermicularis
c. Ascaris lumbricoides
b. Entrobius vermicularis
What is the causative agent of melioidosis?
Burkholderia pseudomallei
Fungi that grow on dead and decaying vegetable matter are known as
saprotrophs
What is the vegetative body of a fungus?
Thallus
what is a sexual spore of fungi?
Basidiospores
zygospores, ascospores and basidiospores are all sexual spores
Fungi often colonize skin lesions. What would you most likely find as a colonizer?
a. Candida
b. Aspergillus
a. Candida (colonizer=normal flora)
Which of the following fungi is most likely to be found in reticuloendothelial cells?
Histoplasma capsulatum
What is the difference between Candida and Cryptococcus species?
Melanin production on a Niger seed agar
A diabetic patient was admitted with a fungal infection. Nasal biopsy showed broad non-septate hyphae. What fungus is responsible?
Zygomycetes
What is a causative agent of dermatophytosis?
Trichophyton
What structure is present in invasive aspergillosis in the tissues?
Septate hyphae
