2. Vitamins and Minerals Flashcards
Is water a nutrient?
No water is not a nutrient but it is essential for life.
What is the function of water?
Water transports nutrients and waste. It is also necessary for many chemical reactions and cooling the body.
How much water does the average person need to drink a day?
People should drink 3-5 liters of water per day.
What are carbohydrates?
Carbohydrates are the body’s quickest source of energy. Carbohydrates come in simple and complex forms. Complex carbohydrates are chains of the simple carbohydrates, which are sugar molecules.
What are the two functions of proteins?
Proteins are used to (1) build parts of the body, such as muscles, skin and hair. (2) They are also used for various chemical reactions in your body.
What are fats?
Fats can be stored in the body for future use.
What are minerals and vitamins?
Minerals and vitamins are both needed in small amounts to help your body perform various functions such as building bone strength.
What is a simple carbohydrate?
A simple carbohydrate is a single molecule of sugar
What is glucose?
Glucose is the most common form of sugar, which is used as fuel for your body.
What happens to glucose in your cells?
The mitochondria, as part of cellular respiration, use glucose to make energy.
What does your body do with the energy made from glucose?
Your body uses energy for growth, repair, and maintenance
What foods contain complex carbohydrates?
Pasta, brown rice and whole grains have complex carbohydrates.
Why does it take longer for your body to break down complex carbohydrates?
The body breaks complex carbohydrates down into simple sugars, before it can use the energy, which takes time. This is why it is better to eat complex carbohydrates vs simple carbohydrates. Candy vs Pasta.
What do proteins do for the body?
Proteins are used to build muscle, skin, hair and nails. They are used in chemical reactions in your cells.
What food has proteins?
Fish, meat, poultry, nuts, soy, and dairy products
What does the body use fat for?
Fat is used to build cell membranes and can be stored for later use.
What food has fat?
Butter, shortening, cream, oil and meat have fat.
What problem to people have with fat?
People tend to eat too much fat.
What is unsaturated fat?
Unsaturated fat comes from vegetables, such as corn oil or olive oil. They are liquid at room temperature.
What is saturated fat?
Saturated fat comes from animals, such as butter or lard. They are solid at room temperature.
How could you tell if fat in a dish on your kitchen counter was saturated or unsaturated?
If it was liquid at room temperature, such as vegetable cooking oil, it would be unsaturated.
What is the problem with eating saturated fat?
Scientists think that saturated fat builds up inside your arteries, blocking the path of blood with plaque. As the plaque builds up, not as much blood can flow through the veins so you could get a heart attack or stroke.
Why do you need minerals and vitamins?
The body needs small amounts to help it to perform a variety of functions. Each vitamin or mineral helps with something different.
What does Florine do? (F)
Florine helps with dental cavity reduction
Where do you get Florine?
Florine is added to water, also the dentist might give you fluoride treatments, and toothpaste has it.
What is iron for? (Fe)
Iron is important in the creation of red blood cell parts; transportation of oxygen through the body.
Where do you get Iron?
Iron comes from liver, eggs yolks, grains, meats and leafy vegetables such as spinach.
What is Sodium for? (Na)
Sodium helps with nerve activity
Where do you get Sodium?
Sodium comes from bacon, butter, table salt, vegetables
What is Magnesium for? (Mg)
Magnesium helps with muscle and nerve activity, and bone formation.
Where do you get Magnesium?
Magnesium comes from fruits, vegetables, and grains
What is Calcium for? (Ca)
Calcium is for teeth and bone formation, never and muscle activity
Where do you get Calcium?
Calcium is from milk, grains, calcium-fortified orange juice and soy milk.
What is Phosphorus for? (P)
Phosphorus is for teeth and bone formation, and muscle and nerve activity.
Where do you get Phosphorus?
Phosphorus comes from milk, grains, vegetables
What is Copper for? (Cu)
Copper is for the development of red blood cells
Where do you get Copper?
Copper comes from grains and liver
What is Potassium for? (K)
Potassium is for muscle and nerve activity
Where do you get Potassium?
Potassium comes from vegetables and bananas
What is Sulfur for? (S)
Sulfur is for hair, nails and skin building.
Where do you get Sulfur?
You get Sulfur from grains, fruits, eggs and cheese.
What is the importance of Vitamin D?
Vitamin D is for bone growth.
Where do you get Vitamin D?
Outside in the sunshine, you get Vitamin D. But in northern climates, people do not get enough sunlight between October and March. They have to drink beverages with added Vitamin D to make sure they get enough.
What happens without Vitamin D?
People get a disease called Rickets if they do not get Vitamin D.
