2. Vitamins and Minerals

Question 1

Is water a nutrient?

Answer 1

No water is not a nutrient but it is essential for life.

Question 2

What is the function of water?

Answer 2

Water transports nutrients and waste. It is also necessary for many chemical reactions and cooling the body.

Question 3

How much water does the average person need to drink a day?

Answer 3

People should drink 3-5 liters of water per day.

Question 4

What are carbohydrates?

Answer 4

Carbohydrates are the body’s quickest source of energy. Carbohydrates come in simple and complex forms. Complex carbohydrates are chains of the simple carbohydrates, which are sugar molecules.

Question 5

What are the two functions of proteins?

Answer 5

Proteins are used to (1) build parts of the body, such as muscles, skin and hair. (2) They are also used for various chemical reactions in your body.

Question 6

What are fats?

Answer 6

Fats can be stored in the body for future use.

Question 7

What are minerals and vitamins?

Answer 7

Minerals and vitamins are both needed in small amounts to help your body perform various functions such as building bone strength.

Question 8

What is a simple carbohydrate?

Answer 8

A simple carbohydrate is a single molecule of sugar

Question 9

What is glucose?

Answer 9

Glucose is the most common form of sugar, which is used as fuel for your body.

Question 10

What happens to glucose in your cells?

Answer 10

The mitochondria, as part of cellular respiration, use glucose to make energy.

Question 11

What does your body do with the energy made from glucose?

Answer 11

Your body uses energy for growth, repair, and maintenance

Question 12

What foods contain complex carbohydrates?

Answer 12

Pasta, brown rice and whole grains have complex carbohydrates.

Question 13

Why does it take longer for your body to break down complex carbohydrates?

Answer 13

The body breaks complex carbohydrates down into simple sugars, before it can use the energy, which takes time. This is why it is better to eat complex carbohydrates vs simple carbohydrates. Candy vs Pasta.

Question 14

What do proteins do for the body?

Answer 14

Proteins are used to build muscle, skin, hair and nails. They are used in chemical reactions in your cells.

Question 15

What food has proteins?

Answer 15

Fish, meat, poultry, nuts, soy, and dairy products

Question 16

What does the body use fat for?

Answer 16

Fat is used to build cell membranes and can be stored for later use.

Question 17

What food has fat?

Answer 17

Butter, shortening, cream, oil and meat have fat.

Question 18

What problem to people have with fat?

Answer 18

People tend to eat too much fat.

Question 19

What is unsaturated fat?

Answer 19

Unsaturated fat comes from vegetables, such as corn oil or olive oil. They are liquid at room temperature.

Question 20

What is saturated fat?

Answer 20

Saturated fat comes from animals, such as butter or lard. They are solid at room temperature.

Question 21

How could you tell if fat in a dish on your kitchen counter was saturated or unsaturated?

Answer 21

If it was liquid at room temperature, such as vegetable cooking oil, it would be unsaturated.

Question 22

What is the problem with eating saturated fat?

Answer 22

Scientists think that saturated fat builds up inside your arteries, blocking the path of blood with plaque. As the plaque builds up, not as much blood can flow through the veins so you could get a heart attack or stroke.

Question 23

Why do you need minerals and vitamins?

Answer 23

The body needs small amounts to help it to perform a variety of functions. Each vitamin or mineral helps with something different.

Question 24

What does Florine do? (F)

Answer 24

Florine helps with dental cavity reduction

Question 25

Where do you get Florine?

Answer 25

Florine is added to water, also the dentist might give you fluoride treatments, and toothpaste has it.

Question 26

What is iron for? (Fe)

Answer 26

Iron is important in the creation of red blood cell parts; transportation of oxygen through the body.

Question 27

Where do you get Iron?

Answer 27

Iron comes from liver, eggs yolks, grains, meats and leafy vegetables such as spinach.

Question 28

What is Sodium for? (Na)

Answer 28

Sodium helps with nerve activity

Question 29

Where do you get Sodium?

Answer 29

Sodium comes from bacon, butter, table salt, vegetables

Question 30

What is Magnesium for? (Mg)

Answer 30

Magnesium helps with muscle and nerve activity, and bone formation.

Question 31

Where do you get Magnesium?

Answer 31

Magnesium comes from fruits, vegetables, and grains

Question 32

What is Calcium for? (Ca)

Answer 32

Calcium is for teeth and bone formation, never and muscle activity

Question 33

Where do you get Calcium?

Answer 33

Calcium is from milk, grains, calcium-fortified orange juice and soy milk.

Question 34

What is Phosphorus for? (P)

Answer 34

Phosphorus is for teeth and bone formation, and muscle and nerve activity.

Question 35

Where do you get Phosphorus?

Answer 35

Phosphorus comes from milk, grains, vegetables

Question 36

What is Copper for? (Cu)

Answer 36

Copper is for the development of red blood cells

Question 37

Where do you get Copper?

Answer 37

Copper comes from grains and liver

Question 38

What is Potassium for? (K)

Answer 38

Potassium is for muscle and nerve activity

Question 39

Where do you get Potassium?

Answer 39

Potassium comes from vegetables and bananas

Question 40

What is Sulfur for? (S)

Answer 40

Sulfur is for hair, nails and skin building.

Question 41

Where do you get Sulfur?

Answer 41

You get Sulfur from grains, fruits, eggs and cheese.

Question 42

What is the importance of Vitamin D?

Answer 42

Vitamin D is for bone growth.

Question 43

Where do you get Vitamin D?

Answer 43

Outside in the sunshine, you get Vitamin D. But in northern climates, people do not get enough sunlight between October and March. They have to drink beverages with added Vitamin D to make sure they get enough.

Question 44

What happens without Vitamin D?

Answer 44

People get a disease called Rickets if they do not get Vitamin D.