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Advanced Spanish Grammer > 2. Some/any and other determiners > Flashcards

2. Some/any and other determiners Flashcards

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1
Q

aceite o agua: countable?

A

no

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2
Q

una casa, dos casas, unos niños: countable?

A

yes

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3
Q

With uncountable nouns:

There is a little milk in the kitchen.

A

Hay algo de leche en la cocina.

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4
Q

With uncountable nouns:

There is some milk in the kitchen.

A

Hay algo de leche en la cocina.

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5
Q

With uncountable nouns:

There is a little money in that drawer.

A

Hay un poco de dinero en ese cajón.

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6
Q

With uncountable nouns:

Can you give me some butter?

A

¿Me puedes dar algo de mantequilla?

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7
Q

There are a few girls with them. (unas cuantas)

A

Hay unas cuantas chicas con ellos.

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8
Q

Antonio lent me some books. (algunos)

A

Antonio me prestó algunos libros.

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9
Q

Only a few students are going to pass. (unos pocos)

A

Sólo unos pocos alumnos van a aprobar.

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10
Q

All synonyms?

unos, algunos, unos cuantos, unos pocos

if so, what is the translation?

A

some/ a few

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11
Q

In negative sentences, nada de is common with uncountable nouns to mean ‘not any’.

There isn’t any water.

A

No hay nada de agua.

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12
Q

While ‘nada de’ is used with uncountable nouns. Ningún/ninguna is common with singular countable nouns.

There aren’t any girls in my class.

There aren’t any girls in my class. (not a single girl)

A

No hay chicas en mi clase.

No hay ninguna chica en mi clase.

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13
Q

Ningún/ninguna is used with uncountable nouns for emphasis:

I don’t have any money.

A

No tengo ningún dinero.

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14
Q

The pronoun form of ningún is ninguno. Ninguna is invariable:

Are there (any) children in the garden?
No, there aren't any.
A

¿Hay niños en el jardín?

No, no hay ninguno.

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15
Q

In colloquial Spanish, speakers very often use ni un (or ni uno if a pronoun is called for) and ni una instead of ningún/ninguno/ninguna, but never with uncountable nouns:

There aren’t any chairs in the class. (not a single chair)

A

No hay ni una silla en la clase.

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16
Q

Algún, alguna, algunos, and algunas are indefinite quantifiers that can be used in affirmative and interrogative sentences. Algún and alguna are common with uncountable nouns; algunos and algunas can only refer to plural nouns:

I still have some money left.

A

Todavía me queda algún dinero.

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17
Q

Algún, alguna, algunos, and algunas are indefinite quantifiers that can be used in affirmative and interrogative sentences. Algún and alguna are common with uncountable nouns; algunos and algunas can only refer to plural nouns:

There are some people in the street.

A

Hay algunas personas en la calle.

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18
Q

It is sometimes possible to use algún and alguna with countable singular nouns, but then the quantity the speaker has in mind is really small or considered to be insignificant.

I have some friends (conveying the idea that the number of friends the speaker has is truly small).

A

Tengo algún amigo.

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19
Q

One/Some day you’ll be sorry.

A

Algún día te arrepentirás.

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20
Q

One day a letter arrived.

A

Un día llegó una carta. (algún is not possible when referring to the past)

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21
Q

Determiners like (Algún, alguna, algunos, algunas) can be used similarly to alguien, but then there is an implication that the speaker knows who he or she is referring to:

Some (women) still think I’m unmarried.

Some (women) still think I am unmarried.

A

Algunas aún creen que estoy soltero.

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22
Q

Do ningunos and ningunas exist as words?

A

No.

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23
Q

In the negative (Algún, alguna, algunos, algunas) become:

A

ningún, ninguno, ningunos ninguna (ningunos and ningunas doesn’t exist)

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24
Q

Remember that uno, alguno, and ninguno lose the final -o when placed before a _______.

A

masquline singluar noun

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25
Q

When uno, alguno, and ninguno funcion as pronouns (replacing a noun), they retain the final -o.

I still have some.

A

Aún tengo alguno.

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26
Q

Alguien means somebody/someone:

There is somebody in the loft.

A

Hay alguien en el desván.

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27
Q

Alguien is used in affirmative, but ____ is used in negatives:

Is anyone there?
No, there isn’t anybody.

A

Hay alguien ahí?

No, no hay nadie.

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28
Q

I haven’t seen anybody.

Nobody has been here.

A

No he visto a nadie.

Nadie ha estado aquí.

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29
Q

something, anything

nothing, not … anything

A

algo (used in affirmative questions)

nada (used in negative questions)

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30
Q

I have seen something.

A

He visto algo. (algo: used in affirmative questions)

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31
Q

Have you bought anything?

A

¿Has comprado algo? algo (used in affirmative questions)

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32
Q

I haven’t done anything.

A

No he hecho nada. (nada: used in negative questions)

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33
Q

Nothing has been decided.

A

Nada ha sido decidido. (nada: used in negative questions)

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34
Q

‘Somewhere’ translates as ____ or _____.

A

algún lugar; algún sitio

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35
Q

They must be somewhere.

A

Tienen que estar en algún sitio/lugar.

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36
Q

Let’s go somewhere.

A

Vámanos a algún sitio/lugar.

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37
Q

In the negative, algún sitio/lugar is ____ or ____.

A

Ningún sitio/ ningún lugar.

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38
Q

They aren’t anywhere.

A

No están en ningún lugar/sitio.

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39
Q

‘Somehow’ translates as: de alguna forma or de alguna manera. _____ is used in the negative:

A

De ninguna forma/manera

40
Q

Somehow they succeeded in escaping.

A

De alguna forma consiguieron escapar.

41
Q

Cualquier is used to mean ‘any’ in the sense of ‘any one’:

Take any card.

A

Coge cualquier carta.

42
Q

Cualquier cosa translates as:

A

anything

43
Q

Cualquiera translates as:

A

anybody or anyone

44
Q

Say anything.

A

Di cualquier cosa.

45
Q

Anybody could do that.

A

Cualquiera podría hacer eso.

46
Q

Cualquier sitio/lugar translates as:

A

anywhere

47
Q

de cualquier forma/manera translates as:

A

anyhow

48
Q

Let’s go anywhere.

A

Vámanos a cualquier sitio.

49
Q

Anyhow, I don’t like it anymore.

A

De cualquier forma, ya no me gusta.

50
Q

Numbers are used with uncountable nouns in Spanish when the speaker refers to type or category.

There are three different types of olive oil in that shop.

A

Hay tres aceites de oliva en esa tienda.

51
Q

All the milk.

A

Toda la leche.

52
Q

All this money.

A

Todo este dinero.

53
Q

All the girls in my class.

A

Todas las chicas de mi class.

54
Q

All the students.

A

Todos los alumnos.

55
Q

Todo/Todos is not followed by de to translate ‘all of’:

all of us

A

todos nosotros

56
Q

Todo/Todos is not followed by de to translate ‘all of’:

all of you

A

todos vosotros

57
Q

Todo/Todos is not followed by de to translate ‘all of’:

all of them

A

todos ellos

58
Q

Todo/Todos is not followed by de to translate ‘all of’:

all of it

A

todo

59
Q

Everything translates as: ____

A

todo (invariable)

60
Q

When todo functions as a direct object, the verbal sequence is always preceded by lo:

I have bought everything.

A

Lo he comprado todo.

61
Q

As a pronoun, todos/todas can refer to nosotros/nosotras, vosotros/vosotras, ustedes, or ellos/ellas. When the context is ambiguous, subject pronouns are used:

I have seen you all.

A

Os he visto a todos.

62
Q

As a pronoun, todos/todas can refer to nosotros/nosotras, vosotros/vosotras, ustedes, or ellos/ellas. When the context is ambiguous, subject pronouns are used:

I’ve told you all to come. (ustedes)

A

Les he dicho a todos ustedes que vengan.

63
Q

As a pronoun, todos/todas can refer to nosotros/nosotras, vosotros/vosotras, ustedes, or ellos/ellas. When the context is ambiguous, subject pronouns are used:

I’ve told them all to leave.

A

Les he dicho a todos ellos que se vayan.

64
Q

When todos and todas function as direct object pronouns, the verbal sequence is preceded by los or las:

I have sold all of them.

A

Las he vendido todas.

65
Q

‘The whole’ translates as todo/toda, and ‘the whole of’ as todo/toda or la totalidad de:

the whole group
the whole of the country

A

todo el grupo

todo el país

66
Q

Every translates as todos los/ todas las when the speaker refers to all the members of the group as a whole:

Every child passed the exam.

A

Todos los nínos aprobaron el examen.

67
Q

Every child has his or her own book.

A

Cada niño tiene su propio libro.

68
Q

Every time I se her .. .

A

Cada vez que la veo . . .

69
Q

Everybody/everyone usually translates as todo el mundo, but there are other possibilities, such as toda la gente, todos:

I saw everybody.
Everybody knows.

A

Vi a todo el mundo.

Todos lo saben.

70
Q

‘Each’ can be translated only as cada:

Each time I go there . . .

A

Cada vez que voy allí . . .

71
Q

To translate the combinations ‘we each’, ‘you each, and so on, cada uno/una de + subject pronouns is used in Spanish:

We each have children.

A

Cada uno de nosotros tiene hijos.

72
Q

To translate the combinations ‘we each’, ‘you each, and so on, cada uno/una de + subject pronouns is used in Spanish:

They (fem.) each know about it.

A

Cada una de ellas lo sabe.

73
Q

‘Everywhere’ translates as en/por todas partes when location is meant, and as ‘a todas partes’ when movement is meant:

They are everywhere.

A

Están en/por todas partes.

74
Q

‘Everywhere’ translates as en/por todas partes when location is meant, and as ‘a todas partes’ when movement is meant:

We went everywhere.

A

Fuimos a todas partes

75
Q

‘Both’ can translate as ambos/ambas but in colloquial use los/las dos is more frequent:

Both thieves were arrested by the police.

A

Los dos ladrones fueron arrestados por la policía.

76
Q

‘Both’ can translate as ambos/ambas but in colloquial use los/las dos is more frequent:

Both girls had to come.

A

Las dos chicas tuvieron que venir.

77
Q

‘We both, ‘you both’, and so on, translate as los/las dos. The verb that follows indicates which grammatical person is referred to:

We both have problems.

A

Los dos tenemos problemas. (ambos/ambas can also be used)

78
Q

‘We both, ‘you both’, and so on, translate as los/las dos. The verb that follows indicates which grammatical person is referred to:

They both got married in May.

A

Los dos se casaron en mayo. (ambos can also be used).

79
Q

Ninguno/ninguna is more flexible in Spanish then the English equivalents:

I haven’t repaired either/any of these cars.

A

No he reparado ninguno de estos autos.

80
Q

Ninguno/ninguna is more flexible in Spanish then the English equivalents:

Neither/none of these houses is/are for sale.

A

Ninguna de estas casas está en venta.

81
Q

When it is necessary to make it clear that the reference is to one of two elements, Spanish uses ninguno/ninguna de los/las dos, ninguno/ninguna de estos/estas dos, and so on:

I don’t know either girl.

A

No conozco a ninguna de esas dos chicas.

No conozco a ninguna de las dos chicas.

82
Q

Either meaning ‘one of two’ translates as uno/una de los/las dos:

Either parent can sign.

A

Uno de los dos padres puede firmar.

83
Q

‘Much’, ‘many’, and ‘a lot of’ translate as mucho, agreeing in gender and number with the accompanying noun:

There is a lot of smoke.
I don’t have many friends.
Are there many girls?

A

Hay mucho humo.
No tengo muchos amigos.
¿Hay muchas chicas?

84
Q

In colloquial language, ‘a lot of’ can be translated by ‘un montón de’; this expression is rarely used in negative constructions:

I have a lot of friends.

A

Tengo un montón de amigos.

85
Q

‘Lots of’ can be montones de (invariable in gender) or the superlative form muchísimo (which agrees in gender and number with the noun it accompanies):

There are lots of people.

A

Hay montones de personas.

Hay muchísimas personas.

86
Q

‘Little’ translates as poco/poca, and ‘few’ translates as ‘poco/pocas.’ These words can also act as pronouns:

There is little milk.

A

Hay poca leche.

87
Q

‘Little’ translates as poco/poca, and ‘few’ translates as ‘poco/pocas.’ These words can also act as pronouns:

I have few books.

A

Tengo pocos libros.

88
Q

‘Little’ translates as poco/poca, and ‘few’ translates as ‘poco/pocas.’ These words can also act as pronouns:

There is very little (money, for example)

A

Hay muy poco (dinero)

89
Q

‘A little’ translates as un poco (invariable) and ‘a few’ translates as unos pocos/unas pocas or unos cuantos/unas cuantas. The preposition de is added to un poco when a noun/pronoun follows:

I only want a little milk.

A

Sólo quiero un poco de leche.

90
Q

‘A little’ translates as un poco (invariable) and ‘a few’ translates as unos pocos/unas pocas or unos cuantos/unas cuantas. The preposition de is added to un poco when a noun/pronoun follows:

There are a few boys.

A

Hay unos cuantos chicos.

91
Q

Diminutive forms of poco/poca/pocos/pocas are very common:

I need a little help.

A

Necesito un poquito de ayuda.

92
Q

Diminutive forms of poco/poca/pocos/pocas are very common:

I want a little bit of water.

A

Queiro un poquitín de agua.

93
Q

Diminutive forms of poco/poca/pocos/pocas are very common:

I have very few things.

A

Tengo poquitas cosas.

94
Q

Adding the preposition de to unos/unas cuantos/cuantas or unos/unas pocos/pocas is not possible except in the construction unos/unas cuantos/cuantas/pocos/pocas+de+determiner+noun/pronoun:

a few of my pupils

A

unos cuantos de mis alumnos

95
Q

‘Several’ translates as varios:

I have several books by that author.

A

Tengo varios libros de ese autor.

96
Q

‘Several’ translates as varios:

There are several girls at the door.

A

Hay varias chicas en la puerta.

Advanced Spanish Grammer (13 decks)

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