2 Body Tissues (Connective Tissue) Flashcards
What are the 4 types of connective tissue?
connective tissue proper
bone
blood
cartilage
what are the 6 types of connective tissue proper?
3 types of loose connective tissue?
areolar
adipose
reticular
3 types of dense connective tissue
regular
irregular
elastic
what are the 3 types of cartilage?
fibrocartilage
hyaline cartilage
elastic cartilage
what are the 2 types of bone?
compact / cortical
spongy / medullary
what are the cell types in bone?
osteogenic stem cells
osteoblasts: build bone
osteocytes: mature bone cells
osteoclasts: clear away dead or old bone
what are the main cell types in connective tissue proper?
adipose tissue: adipocytes
all other connective tissue proper types:
immature fibroblasts mature into fibrocytes
what are the main cell types in cartilage?
immature chondroblasts mature into chondrocytes
describe areolar tissue
a type of loose connective tissue proper
main cell type is fibrocytes with some WBCs
ECM: gel-like ground substance, all fibre types
found in epithelia and around organs
describe adipose tissue
a type of loose connective tissue proper
main cell type is adipocytes
ECM: minimal (only type of connective tissue with minimal ECM and no fibres)
found in subcutaneous tissue, and as visceral fat around organs
white fat: fuel reserve, insulates and cushions
brown fat: heat production
describe reticular tissue
a type of loose connective tissue proper
main cell type is fibrocytes
ECM: gel-like with reticular fibres
found in lymphoid organs, forms stroma (internal framework)
describe regular connective tissue
a type of dense connective tissue
main cell type: fibrocytes
ECM: gel like with collagen fibres arranged in a regular direction
in tendons, ligaments, fascia and aponeuroses
describe irregular connective tissue
a type of dense connective tissue
main cell type: fibrocytes
ECM: gel like with collagen fibres arranged in an irregular direction
found in joint capsules, dermis
describe elastic connective tissue
a type of dense connective tissue
main cell type: fibrocytes
ECM: gel like with elastic fibres
found in walls of arteries, bronchii and some vertebral ligaments
describe hyaline cartilage
‘glassy’ cartilage
main cell type: chondrocytes
ECM: firm with a mix of collagen and elastic fibres
found in articulating surfaces of synovial joints, embryonic skeleton, epiphyseal plates, cartilage of nose and trachea
describe fibrocartilage
main cell type: chondrocytes
ECM: firm with collagen fibres
found in glenoid labrum, wrist, IV discs, knee menisci, pubic symphysis
describe elastic cartilage
main cell type: chondrocytes
ECM: high elastin provides ability to flex and move
least firm cartilagte
external ear, epiglottis
describe compact / cortical bone
main cell type: osteocytes
composed of circular osteons (layers of lamallae wrapped around a central Haversian canal containing blood vessels)
found in the external layer of all bones
describe spongy / medullary bone
main cell type: chondrocytes
composed of lattice like trabeculae with bone marrow in the spaces between
red bone marrow: blood cell production
yellow bone marrow: fat storage
in the proximal epiphysis of long bones
in the medullary cavities inside bones
describe the main cell types of blood
erythrocytes (red blood cells)
leukocytes (white blood cells)
