2 Body Tissues (Connective Tissue)

Question 1

What are the 4 types of connective tissue?

Answer 1

connective tissue proper
bone
blood
cartilage

Question 2

what are the 6 types of connective tissue proper?

Answer 2

3 types of loose connective tissue?
areolar
adipose
reticular

3 types of dense connective tissue
regular
irregular
elastic

Question 3

what are the 3 types of cartilage?

Answer 3

fibrocartilage
hyaline cartilage
elastic cartilage

Question 4

what are the 2 types of bone?

Answer 4

compact / cortical

spongy / medullary

Question 5

what are the cell types in bone?

Answer 5

osteogenic stem cells

osteoblasts: build bone
osteocytes: mature bone cells
osteoclasts: clear away dead or old bone

Question 6

what are the main cell types in connective tissue proper?

Answer 6

adipose tissue: adipocytes

all other connective tissue proper types:
immature fibroblasts mature into fibrocytes

Question 7

what are the main cell types in cartilage?

Answer 7

immature chondroblasts mature into chondrocytes

Question 8

describe areolar tissue

Answer 8

a type of loose connective tissue proper

main cell type is fibrocytes with some WBCs

ECM: gel-like ground substance, all fibre types

found in epithelia and around organs

Question 9

describe adipose tissue

Answer 9

a type of loose connective tissue proper

main cell type is adipocytes

ECM: minimal (only type of connective tissue with minimal ECM and no fibres)

found in subcutaneous tissue, and as visceral fat around organs

white fat: fuel reserve, insulates and cushions

brown fat: heat production

Question 10

describe reticular tissue

Answer 10

a type of loose connective tissue proper

main cell type is fibrocytes

ECM: gel-like with reticular fibres

found in lymphoid organs, forms stroma (internal framework)

Question 11

describe regular connective tissue

Answer 11

a type of dense connective tissue

main cell type: fibrocytes

ECM: gel like with collagen fibres arranged in a regular direction

in tendons, ligaments, fascia and aponeuroses

Question 12

describe irregular connective tissue

Answer 12

a type of dense connective tissue

main cell type: fibrocytes

ECM: gel like with collagen fibres arranged in an irregular direction

found in joint capsules, dermis

Question 13

describe elastic connective tissue

Answer 13

a type of dense connective tissue

main cell type: fibrocytes

ECM: gel like with elastic fibres

found in walls of arteries, bronchii and some vertebral ligaments

Question 14

describe hyaline cartilage

Answer 14

‘glassy’ cartilage

main cell type: chondrocytes

ECM: firm with a mix of collagen and elastic fibres

found in articulating surfaces of synovial joints, embryonic skeleton, epiphyseal plates, cartilage of nose and trachea

Question 15

describe fibrocartilage

Answer 15

main cell type: chondrocytes

ECM: firm with collagen fibres

found in glenoid labrum, wrist, IV discs, knee menisci, pubic symphysis

Question 16

describe elastic cartilage

Answer 16

main cell type: chondrocytes

ECM: high elastin provides ability to flex and move

least firm cartilagte

external ear, epiglottis

Question 17

describe compact / cortical bone

Answer 17

main cell type: osteocytes

composed of circular osteons (layers of lamallae wrapped around a central Haversian canal containing blood vessels)

found in the external layer of all bones

Question 18

describe spongy / medullary bone

Answer 18

main cell type: chondrocytes

composed of lattice like trabeculae with bone marrow in the spaces between

red bone marrow: blood cell production

yellow bone marrow: fat storage

in the proximal epiphysis of long bones
in the medullary cavities inside bones

Question 19

describe the main cell types of blood

Answer 19

erythrocytes (red blood cells)

leukocytes (white blood cells)