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Animal Structure & Diversity > 2/26/20 > Flashcards

2/26/20 Flashcards

1
Q

subphylum of Arthropoda including crabs, lobsters, and barnacles

A

subphylum Crustacea

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2
Q

general characters of Phylum Crustacea

A

mostly free-living marine species (but can be sessile/parasitic), many are scavengers

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3
Q

Crustaceans are/aren’t uniramous

A

aren’t

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4
Q

two parts of Crustacean walking legs

A

exopod and endopod

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5
Q

appendages present in Crustaceans

A

pair of chelipeds for capturing food, pair of maxillipeds for handling food, pair of mandibles and maxillae for shredding and bringing food to the mouth

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6
Q

tagmata present in Crustaceans

A

cephalothorax and abdomen

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7
Q

structure covering the cephalothorax of some Crustaceans

A

carapace

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8
Q

location of gills in Crustaceans

A

in between the carapace and body organs. attached to walking legs

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9
Q

excretory system of Crustaceans

A

paired glands in the head for waste removal

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10
Q

waste product of Crustaceans

A

ammonia

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11
Q

nervous system of Crustaceans

A

simple brain with pair of ventral nerve chords with ganglia on each segment

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12
Q

two key classes of subphylum Crustacea

A

Maxillopoda and Malacostraca

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13
Q

class of subphylum Crustacea containing barnacles and copepods

A

class Maxillopoda

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14
Q

characters of class Maxillopoda

A

barnacles are sessile and use cirri for feeding, hermaphroditic but avoid self-fertilization

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15
Q

characters of class Malacostraca

A

40,000 species, 16 known orders

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16
Q

important order of class Malacostraca known for crabs, lobsters, and shrimp

A

order Decapoda

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17
Q

characters of order Decapoda

A

5 paired walking legs, first pair of walking legs form pinchers, generally walk but some swim

18
Q

body system for creating uric acid in terrestrial arthropods

A

malpighian tubules

19
Q

function of malpighian tubules

A

slender tubes shoot off the end of the midgut and absorb nitrogenous wastes, precipitating out water

20
Q

subphylum of Arthropoda containing Insecta and Entognatha

A

subphylum Hexapoda

21
Q

three tagmata in subphylum Hexapoda

A

head, thorax, and abdomen

22
Q

Hexapods are/arent uniramous

A

are

23
Q

class of subphylum Hexapoda containing ancestrally wingless arthropods

A

class Entognatha

24
Q

characters of class Enthognatha

A

mostly Collembola (springtails), commonly found in leaf litter, important for nutrient cycling, mouthparts within head

25
Q

class of subphylum Hexapoda containing ancestrally winged arthropods

A

class Insecta

26
Q

general characters of class Insecta

A

tons of species, most fly at some life stage, mouthparts externally visible

27
Q

divisions of the thorax in Insecta

A

prothorax, mesothorax, metathorax

28
Q

location of forewing and hindwing on Insects

A

forewing is on the mesothorax, hindwing is on the metathorax

29
Q

structure of eyes in Insects

A

compound eyes made of 1000s of individual light-perceiving ommatidia

30
Q

subclass of Insecta with direct flight

A

Paleoptera

31
Q

subclass of Insecta with indirect flight

A

Neoptera

32
Q

function of direct Insect flight

A

two sets of muscles take turn contracting to pull wings up/down, forewing and hindwing can move separately from each other

33
Q

function of indirect Insect flight

A

one set of muscles contracts the thorax dorsoventrally to move wings up, longitudinal muscles push up on thorax to move wings down, wings beat together

34
Q

structures in an Insect to aid chewing

A

mandibles, maxillae, and labial palps

35
Q

digestive tract of Insects

A

foregut (mouth, esophagus, crop, proventriculus), midgut (stomach, gastric ceca), hindgut (intestines, rectum, anus)

36
Q

two forms of development in Insects

A

hemimetabolous and holometabolous

37
Q

form of development ancestral to Insects

A

hemimetabolous

38
Q

course of hemimetabolous development

A

larva goes through several nymph stages before reaching adulthood

39
Q

course of holometabolous development

A

evolved once, larva pupates to enter adulthood

40
Q

respiratory system of Insects

A

spiracles at the trunk of an insect pipe air into trachea which distribute air directly to cells

Animal Structure & Diversity (17 decks)

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