1920's and 30's Foreign Policy

Question 1

how many soldiers died during WW2?

Answer 1

50,000

Question 2

what attitude did America have to foreign policy (largely caused by WW2)?

Answer 2

isolationism and nativism

Question 3

when and what was the influenza pandemic?

Answer 3

• Kansas in March 1918
• spread through the US and reached US soldiers in France
• 700,000 deaths in the US (4 million total)

Question 4

what was red scare?

Answer 4

fear of communism

Question 5

how much did the allies owe America after the war?

Answer 5

$22 billion (needed to expand trade to pay back but difficult with US tariffs)

Question 6

when did Germany refuse to pay installments of the $33 billion they owed to America, France, and Belgium?

Answer 6

1922

Question 7

how many Germany refugees did the US let in between 1933 and 38?

Answer 7

60,000 (showed even during Nazi persecution, America didn’t lift immigration restrictions)

Question 8

what global organization refuses to join after WW1?

Answer 8

league of nations (isolationism) - still attended 40 meetings

Question 9

what was the 1922 Washington conference?

Answer 9

• Between US, GB, Japan, France, and Italy
• agree to limit arms and tonnage of battleships
• four power treaty kept chinese open door policy and maintain each other’s interest in the far east
• placed no limits on the size of armies

Question 10

what was the 1928 Kellogg-Briand France

Answer 10

• created by US and French
• signed by 15 countries - agreed not to go to war unless as self-defense
  (toothless agreement with no sanctions for those who broke it)

Question 11

(Dawes and Young plan)

what was it?

Answer 11

• The USA willing to lend money to restore economies after the war and to stop the spread of communism

Question 12

(Dawes and Young plan)

who was asked to investigate Germany’s lack of repayment in 1923?

Answer 12

dawes (published report in 1924)

Question 13

(Dawes and Young plan)

what were German payments reduced to?

Answer 13

$250 million per year (increasing for the next 5 years)

Question 14

(Dawes and Young plan)

what was the 1929 Young plan?

Answer 14

• young scaled down German repayments to $26 billion, paid back over 59 years
  (the US lent Germany money to repay allies but the allies used this to repay the US - the US are essentially paying themselves back)

Question 15

what were realtions like with latin america in the 20’s?

Answer 15

• us investments btween 1924-29 doubled to $3 billion
• in 1923 general electrics, controlled provision of electrics in 8 countries
• in 1926 5000 troops sent to nicaragua to deal with civil war

Question 16

what was FDR’s good neighbor policy in the 1930’s?

Answer 16

• improve economic cooperation with latin america
• US troops left Haiti, dominican republic and Nicaragua
• 1934, platt ammendment taking cuba was gone, just retained guantanamo bay
• 1934 reciprocal trade agreement act replealed 1920’s isolationsit policies for better foreign trade

Question 17

what was the first 1935 neutrailty act?

Answer 17

• gave president power to stop ships carrying US made munittion to warring countires

Question 18

what was the second 1936 neutrialty act?

Answer 18

banned loans or credits to countries at war (no limit on trade of materials)

Question 19

what was the third 1937 neutrality act?

Answer 19

banned export of munition to either of opposing forces in spain
(allowed cash and carry trade with warring countries)

Question 20

what was the fourth neutrality act of 1937?

Answer 20

• allowed president to decide what could and couldnt be bought to be paid for on delivery

Question 21

(the Panay incident)

when did ’20s attitudes become anti-Japanese?

Answer 21

• after Japan invaded China in 1937

Question 22

(the Panay incident)

what event happned with the japanse in december 1937?

Answer 22

• american gun boat USS Panay sunk by japanses ship off coast of Korea
• could have lead to war, congress wanted peace so japan just paid compensation

Question 23

(Roosevelt’s 1930’s changing views on neutrality)

what did roosevelt fear?

Answer 23

• gowing totalitarian states of germany, italy and japan building large armies

Question 24

(Roosevelt’s 1930’s changing views on neutrality)

in 1937 poll, how many eople thought US invoment in WW1 was mistake, and how many wnated to stay out of future wars?

Answer 24

70%

95%

Question 25

what was the 1937 Quarantine speech?

Answer 25

• warned of dangers of war and totalitarianism (but also isolationism)
• suggest quarantine of aggressors (most likely Germany and Japan)

Question 26

when did Japan attack Mnchuria and leave the league of nations?

Answer 26

1931

Question 27

what did Japan go against when they started expanding their Mary in the 30’s?

Answer 27

1922 Washington Agreement (only supposed to be 60% what it was)

Question 28

what did America do in response to japans growing totalitarianism?

Answer 28

closed panama canal and stopped trade of things like oil and resources (crippled Japan)

Question 29

what did Japan do in response to America stopping trade with them?

Answer 29

Pearl Harbour

Question 30

when and what was pearl harbour?

Answer 30

December 1941

• bombed naval base in Hawaii
• 18 ships gone
• 2403 killed

Question 31

what did pearl harbour lead to?

Answer 31

• 8th December US declare war on Japan
• 11th December, Germany declare war on US
• US involvement in d-Day in June 1944

Question 32

when and what was the atomic bomb sent by Truman?

Answer 32

• August 1945 to get the Japanese to stop fighting
• Hiroshima (70,000 killed)
• Nagasaki (40,000 killed)
• Japan surrenders and the war ends