19. The Need For Energy and Nutrients Flashcards
what are the four different types of feeder?
suspension
fluid
substrate
bulk
what are the three nutritional requirements?
- Fuel for all cellular work (ATP)
- The organic raw materials for biosynthesis
- Essential nutrients (including carbon skeletons) = substances that the animal cannot make for itself
how is ATP generated in a mammal?
oxidation of energy-rich molecules (macronutrients): carbohydrates, proteins, and fats
where and how much energy is stored in a mammal?
Animals store excess energy as glycogen
in the liver (~100g)
muscles (~400g) and as fat
what happens when there is an excess amount of food consumed?
the surplus of food is stored as fat
what are two ways the body can have energy imbalances?
- Undernourishment – intake << expenditure
- Overnourishment – intake >expenditure = obesity
what is the result of overnourshment and how can this be damaging to the body?
obesity is the result. can causee-
pulmonary disease
gall bladder disease
coronary heart disease
cancer
what is secreted from the exocrine pancrease when blood glucose is high or low?
high - insulin is secreted
low - glucagon is secreted
fill in the gaps for CCK
fill in the gaps for GLP-1
fill in the gaps for ghrelin
fill in the gaps for APO A-IV
fill in the gaps for enterostain
fill in the gaps for bobesin
fill in the gaps for insulin
fill in the gaps for amylin
fill in the gaps for glucagon
what is the process of central appetite regulation?
the Ventromedial nucleus is stimulated when there isnt feeding and stimulates the mammal to food
the Lateral Hypothalamus is the feeding centre, where its stimulated during eating and makes you feel full
