19. Memrbane Limited Organelles. Endoplasmic Reticulum. Anular Lamelae Flashcards
What are membrane limited organelles? Do they only have one membrane?
Membrane limited organelles are organelles with their own membrane. There are some that have two.
What is rER and what is it made out of? What is the place between called? Why is it called rough?
What is it’s main function? How is the protein segregated? What do some proteins undergo and what is made out of it? Some also produce components of plasma membrane what do they produce for it? What is it’s three basic functions?
Where is the rER most prominent? What are som examples of cells that synthesise protein? Erythroblast cells? Pancreatic cells? Plasma cells? Nerve cells?
The rER is a interconnected network made out of cisternae. The place between its membranes is called Lumen. It is called rough ER because it has ribosomes on its surface that makes look rough.
It’s main function is protein synthesis. The proteins synthesised are divided into intracellular utilisation and extracellular export. Some proteins synthesised undergo glycosylation that where glycoproteins are made. Some rER produce phospholipids which is a component of plasma membrane. It’s three basic function is to modifying, transporting and storing
The rER is most prominent in cells that synthesise proteins. It’s prominent in erythroblast which makes red blood cells. It’s is prominent in pancreatic cells which makes digestive enzymes. It’s prominent in plasma cells that are responsible for immunoglobulins. It’s also prominent in nerve cells which synthesised neurotransmitters.
What is smooth endoplasmic reticulum and what is it made out of? What’s the most prominent difference between sER and rER?
Whats it’s main function? What’s does it do with lipids? Does it handle glycogen metabolism? What kind of steroid does it synthesise? What’s stored in the sER of skeletal and muscle cells and why? What does it regulate also? How is it involved with drugs?
Where is it most prominent and well developed in? What are some examples? It’s also involved with the liver in what liver cells does I exist in? Muscle and skeletal cells?
The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is a interconnected network made with tubular shaped cisternae. The most prominent difference between the sER and rER is that the sER doesn’t have any ribosomes attached to it.
It’s main function is absorption and metabolism of lipids. It synthesises, transports and stores lipids. It is also involved with glycogen metabolism. It synthesises steroid hormones like cholesterol. In muscle and skeletal cells there is sarcoplasmic reticulum with is a network of tubules and sacs that makes the muscle contraction possible it does that by releasing and storing calcium ions which means that the sER also regulates calcium concentrations. The sER is involved with drugs by detoxification of potentially harmful substances such as alcohol.
It’s most prominent in steroid producing cells.
Some examples are cells of Adrenal cortex and male and female gonads. It’s involved with detoxification in the liver in the form of hepatocytes. It’s involved in the skeletal and muscle cells in the form of sarcoplasmic reticulum.
Annulate lamellae
What’s the structure of annulate lamellae? What does it contain? What are they extensions of? What’s intermediate stage is it seen as? Where has it derived from?
What cells is it most prominent in?
What’s it’s function? What are some beliefs of its functions?
The annular lamellae is stacks of flat membranous cisternae. It contains pores. It’s an extension of the rER cisternae. It is seen as an intermediate stage between the ER and the nuclear envelope. It’s origin is the nuclear envelope.
It’s most prominent in human oocytes, spermatozoa, Sertoli cells in testis and Tumour cells.
It’s function is largely unknown. But some believe that it represents attachment sites for stored RNA there are also some that believe that it’s a reserve fund for the nuclear envelope.
