18. Cognitive models and neural basis of speech perception

Question 1

Speech perception uses a s____ s____ m____ that operates separately from perceiving n____-s____ sounds

Answer 1

specialised speech module
non-speech sounds

Question 2

P____ listening to meaningless monosyllables activates m____ and p____ areas

Answer 2

passive
motor
premotor

Question 3

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over p____ areas interferes with p____ discrimination in noise but not c____ discrimination

Answer 3

premotor
phoneme
colour

Question 4

Two pieces of evidence against the motor theory of speech perception are:
1. Categorical perception can also be demonstrated for n____-s____ sounds
2. With training, chinchillas show the same phoneme b____ for /da/-/ta/ c____ as humans

Answer 4

1. non-speech sounds
2. boundary, continuum

Question 5

Superior temporal gyrus is associated with speech p____
Inferior frontal gyrus is associated with speech p____
Ventral stream is associated with w____ r____
Dorsal stream is associated with linking p____ with p____

Answer 5

speech perception
speech production
word recognition
linking perception with production

Question 6

Two pieces of evidence for the ventral stream are:
1. Anterior temporal damage associated with s____ i____
2. Inferior temporal damage associated with c____ d____

Answer 6

1. semantic impairment
2. Comprehension deficits

Question 7

What are two pieces of evidence for dorsal stream?
1. Listening to syllables activates m____ and p____ areas
2. TMS over premotor areas interferes with p____ d____ in n____ but not c____ d____

Answer 7

1. motor and premotor areas
2. phoneme discrimination in noise but not colour discrimination

Question 8

Define Uniqueness point (UP)
When only o____ w____ becomes c____ with the s____ i____

Answer 8

When only one word becomes consistent with the speech input

Question 9

Learning new words slows down…

Answer 9

recognition of existing words