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PSYC2360 > 18 AMNESIA > Flashcards

18 AMNESIA Flashcards

1
Q

brain region important for STM

A

FRONTAL LOBES

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2
Q

brain regions for processing STM to LTM

A
  • TEMPORAL LOBES (HIPPOCAMPUS + AMYGDALA)
  • DIENCEPHALON (THALAMUS/HYPOTHALAMUS/MAMILLARY BODIES)
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3
Q

loss of memory for events caused by injury/certain degenerative diseases

A

AMNESIA

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4
Q

loss of memory for events PRIOR to injury

A

RETROGRADE AMNESIA

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5
Q

inability to form NEW mems

A

ANTEROGRADE AMNESIA

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6
Q

period of time AFTER brain injury in which NEW mems CANNOT be formed (+ patient = disoriented in time/space)

A

POST-TRAUMATIC AMNESIA (PTA)

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7
Q

severe ANTEROGRADE AMNESIA caused by chronic ALC USE/MALNUTRITION

A

KORSAKOFF’S AMNESIA

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8
Q
  • patient who suffered from EPILEPSY caused by head injury at age 9
  • epilepsy could NOT be controlled thru drug interventions
  • underwent BILATERAL TEMPORAL LOBOTOMIES that were SUCCESSFUL in treating EPILEPSY
  • surgery produced SEVERE ANTEROGRADE AMNESIA but memory for past was intact (could remember childhood)
  • EPISODIC MEM = LOST but SEMANTIC MEM = INTACT
A

PATIENT HM

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9
Q

LOBES that consist of RHINAL FISSURE, PERIRHINAL CORTEX, ENTORHINAL CORTEX, AMYGDALA + HIPPOCAMPUS

A

MEDIAL TEMPORAL LOBES (MTL)

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10
Q

removal of ___ produces memory impairment similar to KORSAKOFF’S SYNDROME + the critical site of damage = HIPPOCAMPUS

A

MTL

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11
Q

HIPPOCAMPUS = NOT THESE 3 THINGS

A
  1. LOCATION OF LTM
  2. NECESSARY FOR RETRIEVAL OF LTM
  3. LOCATION OF STM
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12
Q

HIPPOCAMPUS IS THIS

A

RESPONSIBLE FOR CONVERTING STM INTO LTM

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13
Q

STM of an event retained by ___ ___

A

NEURAL ACTIVITY

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14
Q

LTM consists of relatively permanent ___

A

BIOCHEM/STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN NEURONS

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15
Q
  • patient w small lesion in left DORSOMEDIAL NUCLEUS OF THALAMUS
  • similar pattern of deficits to HM
  • had RETROGRADE AMNESIA for 2 yrs preceding accident
  • had almost complete ANTEROGRADE AMNESIA
  • EPISODIC MEM = LOST but SEMANTIC MEM = INTACT
A

PATIENT NA

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16
Q
  • IMMEDIATE MEMORY: can recite back several words immediately (within 5 mins, no recollection of words)
  • MEM FOR REMOTE EVENTS: can remember childhood
  • FACTUAL KNOWLEDGE: can remember that water boils at 100 C
  • PERCEPTUAL/MOTOR MEM: remember how to ride a bike
  • LANG/SOCIAL SKILLS
  • PROCEDURAL LEARNING: mirror drawing
  • personality/intellectual functioning
A

FUNCTIONS LEFT INTACT FOR PATIENTS HM/CLIVE/NA W SEVERE AMNESIA

17
Q

2 BRAIN REGIONS CRITICAL IN ANTEROGRADE AMNESIA

A
  1. PARAHIPPOCAMPAL CORTEX
  2. AMYGDALA
18
Q

region of LIMBIC CORTEX adjacent to HIPPOCAMPAL FORMATION that relays info w PERIRHINAL CORTEX btwn the ENTORHINAL CORTEX + other regions of the brain

A

PARAHIPPOCAMPAL CORTEX

19
Q

brain region only important for EMOITIONAL content of memories (FLASHBULB MEMS)

A

AMYGDALA

20
Q

patient w BILATERAL AMYGDALA DAMAGE who could NOT establish conditioned EMOTIONAL responses

A

DOUBLE DISSOCIATION PATIENT SM

21
Q

patient w BILATERAL HIPPOCAMPAL DAMAGE who could NOT remember testing procedure + whose EPSIODIC MEM = impaired

A

DOUBLE DISSOCIATION PATIENT WC

22
Q

patient w BILATERAL DAMAGE TO AMYGDALA + HIPPOCAMPUS who could NOT establish emotional responses OR remember testing procedure

A

DOUBLE DISSOCIATION PATIENT RH

23
Q

permanent ANTEROGRADE AMNESIA caused by brain damage

A

KORSAKOFF’S AMNESIA

24
Q

brain regions damaged in KORSAKOFF’S SYNDROME

A

parts of DIENCEPHALON (MAMMILO-THALAMIC TRACT)

25
Q
  • temporally graded RETROGRADE AMNESIA (lose DECLARATIVE mems but not pROCEDURAL ones)
  • CONFABULATION (making up mems that never happened)
A

SYMPTOMS OF KORSAKOFF’S AMNESIA

26
Q

THIAMINE DEFICIENCY caused by chronic alcoholism use/malnutrition

A

CAUSE OF KORSAKOFF’S AMNESIA

27
Q

idea that there is a GREATER loss of memory for events from RECENT PAST (close to onset of amnesia) than for events from REMOTE PAST (childhood)

A

TEMPORAL GRADIENT

28
Q

plausible yet IMAGINARY memory that fills in gaps in wat = remembered

A

CONFABULATION

PSYC2360 (17 decks)

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