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Question 1

Lactate metabolism process

Answer 1

Glucose is broken down to pyruvate. 2ATP are produced and dehydrogenase enzymes pass hydrogen ions and electrons to NAD form NADH.

More NAD is needed to keep driving glycolysis, so pyruvate is converted to lactate using the hydrogen from NADH

This frees up the NAD so it can continue glycolysis

The lactate can be removed by providing oxygen.

Question 2

What is lactate metabolism for

Answer 2

To provide energy through 1st stage of respiration, glycolysis

Question 3

What is muscle fatigue

Answer 3

A build up of lactate is fatal to muscle cells. It also causes muscle fatigue due to the damage it causes to cells and the lack of ATP

Question 4

Types of skeletal muscle fibres

Answer 4

Slow twitch
Fast twitch

Question 5

Explain slow twitch muscles

Answer 5

Contract more slowly than fast twitch
Contract for longer than fast twitch
Use aerobic respiration for ATP
Many mitochondria
Large blood supply (for oxygen)
Large amounts of myoglobin
Major storage fuel is fats

Question 6

Explain fast twitch muscles

Answer 6

Contract faster than slow twitch
Contract for shorter than slow twitch
Use glycolysis for ATP
Few mitochondria
Lower blood supply than slow twitch
Low amounts of myoglobin
Major storage fuel is glycogen