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KICS W2 > 17 Restructuring the Postwar World, 1945-Present > Flashcards

17 Restructuring the Postwar World, 1945-Present Flashcards

1
Q

United Nations

A

world organization formed to prevent war

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2
Q

Iron Curtain

A

division between Eastern and Western Europe during the Cold War; coined by Winston Churchill

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3
Q

containment

A

policy aimed at preventing the spread of communism

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4
Q

Truman Doctrine

A

policy of giving aid to countries threatened by communism

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5
Q

Marshall Plan

A

plan to give aid to European countries to help them recover from WWII

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6
Q

Berlin Airlift

A

flying of food and supplies into West Berlin by Britain and the US to break a Soviet blockade

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7
Q

Cold War

A

state of tension and mistrust between the US and the Soviet Union after WWII

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8
Q

NATO

A

military alliance including the US, Canada, and several countries in Western Europe

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9
Q

Warsaw Pact

A

military alliance between the Soviet Union and the countries of Eastern Europe

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10
Q

brinkmanship

A

willingness on the part of the superpowers to go the brink, or edge, of war

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11
Q

Mao Zedong

A

communist leader who defeated the Nationalists and led the People’s Republic of China

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12
Q

Jiang Jieshi

A

Nationalist leader who set up a new government in Taiwan

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13
Q

Taiwan

A

also known as the Republic of China (ROC)

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14
Q

commune

A

large farm setup in China in which many families work the land and live together

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15
Q

Cultural Revolution

A

uprising in China between 1966 and 1976 that aimed to establish a society of peasants and workers in which all were equal

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16
Q

Red Guards

A

young Chinese students who carried out the Cultural Revolution

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17
Q

38th Parallel

A

line that separated North Korea and South Korea

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18
Q

Douglas MacArthur

A

leader of the UN forces during the Korean War

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19
Q

Seoul

A

capital of South Korea

20
Q

Yalu River

A

natural border between China and North Korea

21
Q

Ho Chi Minh

A

Vietnamese nationalist who drove the French out of Vietnam and who led North Vietnam

22
Q

domino theory

A

idea that the fall of one country to communism would lead other countries to become communist

23
Q

Ngo Dinh Diem

A

leader of the anticommunist government of South Vietnam

24
Q

Vietcong

A

communist rebels in South Vietnam who were supported by North Vietnam

25
Q

vietnamization

A

Nixon’s plan for gradually withdrawing US troops from Vietnam and replacing them with South Vietnamese troops

26
Q

Khmer Rouge

A

Communist rebels who set up a brutal government in Cambodia

27
Q

KGB

A

Russian secret police

28
Q

Third World

A

developing nations in Africa, Asia, and Latin America

29
Q

nonaligned nations

A

countries that did not take sides with either the US or the Soviet Union

30
Q

Fidel Castro

A

communist leader of Cuba

31
Q

Nikita Khrushchev

A

leader of the Soviet Union after Stalin

32
Q

John F. Kennedy

A

president of the US from 1961 to 1963

33
Q

Anastazio Somoza

A

Nicaraguan dictator

34
Q

Daniel Ortega

A

leader of communist rebels in Nicaragua

35
Q

Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini

A

Muslim leader who overthrew the Shah of Iran

36
Q

Imre Nagy

A

Hungarian leader

37
Q

Alexander Dubček

A

Czechoslovakian leader

38
Q

Lyndon Johnson

A

president of the US from 1963 to 1969

39
Q

Richard M. Nixon

A

president of the US from 1969 to 1974

40
Q

SALT

A

talks to limit nuclear arms in the US and the Soviet Union

41
Q

Ronald Reagan

A

president of the US from 1981 to 1989

42
Q

Mutually Assured Destruction

A

the doctrine that a universally catastrophic nuclear war was not worth starting by either side

43
Q

glasnost

A

“openness” instead of government secrecy

44
Q

perestroika

A

“restructuring” of the Soviet political and economic system

45
Q

Joseph McCarthy

A

persecuted alleged Communists in the US

46
Q

Red Scare

A

hysteria surrounding the presence of Communists in the US

KICS W2 (18 decks)

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