11 The Age of Imperialism, 1850-1914

Question 1

imperialism

Answer 1

a policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries politically, economically, or socially

Question 2

racism

Answer 2

the belief that one race is superior to others

Question 3

Social Darwinism

Answer 3

the application of Charles Darwin’s ideas about evolution and “survival of the fittest” to human societies—particularly as justification for imperialist expansion

Question 4

Berlin Conference

Answer 4

a meeting at which representatives of European nations agreed upon rules for the European colonization of Africa (1884-85)

Question 5

Shaka

Answer 5

Zulu chief who created a large centralized state

Question 6

Boer

Answer 6

a Dutch colonist in South Africa

Question 7

Boer War

Answer 7

a conflict, lasting from 1899 to 1902, in which the Boers and the British fought for control of territory in South Africa

Question 8

paternalism

Answer 8

a policy of treating subject people as if they were children, providing for their needs but not giving them rights

Question 9

assimilation

Answer 9

a policy in which a nation forces or encourages a subject people to adopt its institutions and customs

Question 10

Menelik II

Answer 10

leader of Ethiopian resistance

Question 11

geopolitics

Answer 11

a foreign policy based on a consideration of the strategic locations or products of other lands

Question 12

Crimean War

Answer 12

a conflict, lasting from 1853 to 1856, in which the Ottoman Empire, with the aid of Britain and France, halted Russian expansion in the region of the Black Sea

Question 13

Suez Canal

Answer 13

a man-made waterway, which was opened in 1869, connecting the Red Sea and the Mediterranean Sea

Question 14

sepoy

Answer 14

an Indian soldier serving under British command

Question 15

jewel in the crown

Answer 15

the British colony of India—so called because of its importance in the British Empire, both as a supplier of raw materials and as a market for British trade goods

Question 16

Sepoy Mutiny

Answer 16

an 1857 rebellion of Hindu and Muslim soldiers against the British in India

Question 17

Raj

Answer 17

the British-controlled portions of India in the years 1757–1947

Question 18

Pacific Rim

Answer 18

the lands surrounding the Pacific Ocean— especially those in Asia

Question 19

King Mongkut

Answer 19

king who helped Siam modernize

Question 20

Emilio Aguinaldo

Answer 20

leader of Filipino nationalists

Question 21

annexation

Answer 21

the adding of a region to the territory of an existing political unit

Question 22

Queen Liliuokalani

Answer 22

last Hawaiian ruler of Hawaii

Question 23

colony

Answer 23

area governed by a foreign power

Question 24

direct control

Answer 24

system of completely governing a colony

Question 25

indirect control

Answer 25

system of running a colony in which local rulers have some power

Question 26

protectorate

Answer 26

area with its own government under the control of a foreign power

Question 27

Siam

Answer 27

old name for what is now modern Thailand

Question 28

sphere of influence

Answer 28

area claimed as the exclusive investment or trading realm of a foreign power

Question 29

11.1 What were some of the internal factors that contributed to imperialism in Africa?

Answer 29

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Question 30

11.2 How did colonial rule cause a breakdown in traditional African culture?

Answer 30

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Question 31

11.3 Why did the Persian people oppose their ruler’s policy of selling business concessions to Europeans?

Answer 31

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Question 32

11.4 Why didn’t Indians unite against the British in the Sepoy Mutiny?

Answer 32

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Question 33

11.5 What changes took place in Southeast Asia as a result of colonial control?

Answer 33

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