02 The Muslim World Expands, 1300-1700 Flashcards
Suleyman I
As a military leader, he expanded the Ottoman Empire into Central Europe, North Africa, and Central Asia. As a political leader, he streamlined the government bureaucracy, simplified the system of taxation, and revamped the laws of the empire.
The Ottoman Empire reached its peak size and grandeur during his reign.
He was known both as “the Lawgiver” and as the “the Magnificent”.
Osman
As the first Ottoman leader, he built a small state in Anatolia that his successors would expand. He died not realizing that his conquests marked the birth of one of history’s largest and longest-lived empires
In the West, he was called Othman, and his followers were known as Ottomans.
Selim the Grim
He captured Mecca and Medina, the holiest cities of Islam, and Cairo, the intellectual center of the Muslim world. He also expanded the Ottoman Empire into Syria, Palestine, and North Africa.
Timur
In the 15th century, this warrior and conqueror from Samarkand in Central Asia briefly interrupted the rise of the Ottoman Empire.
He conquered Russia, Persia, and northern India. He died on his way to conquer China.
Mehmed II
He earned the title “the Conqueror” by leading the Ottomans in conquering Constantinople.
He was a warrior who became an able ruler. He turned the Hagia Sophia into a mosque and changed the name of Constantinople to Istanbul.
Jahangir
Although this son of Akbar was an extremely weak ruler, he wisely left the affairs of state to his more capable wife.
Babur
His kingdom was stolen from him when he was a boy. As a young man, he regained it along with other lands, thus laying the foundation for the vast Mughal Empire.
Aurangzeb
It was under this Mughal emperor that the empire expanded to its greatest size. Even so, the power of the empire weakened greatly during his reign.
Akbar
Known as the “Great One”, he added more territory to the lands conquered by Babur than did any other Mughal emperor.
Nur Jahan
She was a Persian princess who married a son of Akbar’s and became a brilliant politician. When her husband proved weak, she took the opportunity to rule India in his name.
Sikhs
Their religious beliefs are a mixture of the doctrines of Buddhism, Hinduism, and Sufism.
This is the group to whom Khusrau turned for aid when he rebelled against his father. As a result, this group became the target of the Mughal’s particular hatred.
Muslims
This is the religious group to which the Mughal emperors belonged.
Shah Jahan
This Mughal emperor built the Taj Mahal in memory of his beloved wife.
