14 Revolution and Nationalism, 1900–1939

Question 1

proletariat

Answer 1

the workers

Question 2

Bolsheviks

Answer 2

group of Marxist revolutionaries led by Lenin

Question 3

Rasputin

Answer 3

eccentric monk assassinated because of his corrupt influence on the Russian royal family

Question 4

provisional government

Answer 4

temporary government led by Alexander Kerensky

Question 5

soviet

Answer 5

local governing council

Question 6

Communist Party

Answer 6

a political party practicing the ideas of Karl Marx and Vladimir Lenin

Question 7

Joseph Stalin

Answer 7

revolutionary leader who took control of the Communist Party after Lenin

Question 8

totalitarianism

Answer 8

government that has total control over people’s lives

Question 9

Great Purge

Answer 9

arrest, exile, or killing of thousands of suspected enemies of the Communist Party

Question 10

command economy

Answer 10

economy in which the government makes all of the economic decisions

Question 11

Five-Year Plans

Answer 11

plans to develop the Soviet Union’s economy

Question 12

collective farm

Answer 12

large, government-owned farm

Question 13

Sun Yixian

Answer 13

one of the first leaders of the Kuomintang; “father of modern China”

Question 14

Kuomintang

Answer 14

Nationalist Party of China that overthrew the Qing Dynasty

Question 15

May Fourth Movement

Answer 15

Chinese nationalist protest against China’s fate as decided by the Treaty of Versailles

Question 16

Mao Zedong

Answer 16

leader of the Communist revolution in China

Question 17

Jiang Jieshi

Answer 17

leader of the Chinese Nationalist Party

Question 18

Long March

Answer 18

escape of the Communists to safety after being surrounded by Nationalist forces

Question 19

Rowlatt Acts

Answer 19

laws to prevent Indians from protesting British actions

Question 20

Amritsar Massacre

Answer 20

the slaughter of Indians by the British

Question 21

Mohandas K. Gandhi

Answer 21

leader of the movement for Indian independence from Britain

Question 22

civil disobedience

Answer 22

disobeying the law for the purpose of achieving some higher goal

Question 23

Salt March

Answer 23

a protest of the British salt tax; led by Gandhi who led people to the sea to make salt

Question 24

Mustafa Kemal

Answer 24

leader of Turkish nationalists who overthrew the last Ottoman sultan