16α The Passive Voice

Question 1

The Passive Voice

When the subject of the sentence is acted on rather than being the actor.

Answer 1

Active voice:
ἡ γυνὴ τὸν ἄνδρα ἐγείρει.
The woman wakes her husband.

Middle voice:
ὁ ἀνὴρ ἐγείρεται.
The husband wakes himself up/wakes up.

Passive voice:
ὁ ἀνὴρ ὑπὸ τῆς γυναικὸς ἐγείρεται.
The husband is woken up by his wife.

Question 2

Passive Voice

Note that the agent by whom the action is performed is expressed with the preposition
ὑπό +genitive.

Answer 2

The thing with which or by which the action is performed is expressed by a noun in the dative case (dative of means or instrument) without a preposition