1.6

Question 1

what is cell metabolism

Answer 1

the collective term for the thousands of biochemical reactions that take place in a living cell

Question 2

what are catabolic reactions

Answer 2

degradation, releases energy

Question 3

what are anabolic reactions

Answer 3

synthesis, require energy

Question 4

why are some metabolic pathways reversible and irreversible

Answer 4

to allow the process to be controlled precisely

Question 5

why do some metabolic pathways contain alternative routes

Answer 5

to allow steps in the pathway to be bypassed

Question 6

what indicates the the rate of a chem reaction

Answer 6

the amount of chemical change that occurs per unit of time

Question 7

what is the chemical change

Answer 7

the joining together or breaking of reactant molecules

Question 8

what is the energy needed to break chemical bonds

Answer 8

activation energy

Question 9

what are enzymes

Answer 9

biological catalysts which speed up the rate of reactions by lowing the energy needed to form the transition state

Question 10

what do enzymes allow biochem reactions to do

Answer 10

happen at low temperatures

Question 11

what is the induced fit

Answer 11

when the substrate binds to the active site and it changes shape slightly to better fit the substrate

Question 12

what is high affinity

Answer 12

a chemical attraction to the active site

Question 13

what does an induced it do

Answer 13

lowers the activation energy by weakening the chemical bonds of the substrate molecule

Question 14

do products have a low or high affinity to the active site

Answer 14

low

Question 15

does the enzyme change during induced fit

Answer 15

no

Question 16

how are the products of an enzyme reaction able leave the active site

Answer 16

they don’t have a high affinity which allows them to leave

Question 17

how does the induced fit lower the activation energy

Answer 17

by weakening the chemical bonds of the substrate molecules

Question 18

what determines the orientation of reactions

Answer 18

the shape of the active site

Question 19

what are the effects of substrate concentration

Answer 19

as the substrate concentration increases, the rate of enzyme reaction also increases until all active sites are occupied by substrates then it remains steady

Question 20

what effects the direction of enzyme reactions

Answer 20

substrate and product concentrations

Question 21

what happens if product concentration is too high

Answer 21

the enzyme can work in reverse to convert some of it back to the substrate

Question 22

what are the 3 inhibitors

Answer 22

competitive
non competitive
feedback

Question 23

where do competitive and non competitive inhibiters bind

Answer 23

competitive - at the active site
non competitive - away from the active site

Question 24

which inhibitors can be reversed by increasing substrate concentration

Answer 24

competitive

Question 25

when does feedback inhibition occur

Answer 25

when the end product in the metabolic pathway reaches a critical concentration

Question 26

describe events of feedback inhibition

Answer 26

the end product reaches a critical condition and then the end product inhibit an earlier enzyme, blocking the pathway and so and preventing further synthesis of the end product