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Clin Med III - Final > 12B: Hepatic > Flashcards

12B: Hepatic Flashcards

1
Q

What is cirrhosis?

A

Final stage of chronic inflammation of the liver - normal tissue has been killed and replaced by fibrotic tissue and nodular areas

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2
Q

What is the cause of cirrhosis?

A

Toxin, ETOH, other diseases

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3
Q

What are signs and symptoms of cirrhosis?

A

Fatigue, weight loss, jaundice, easily bruising or bleeding

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4
Q

How is cirrhosis diagnosed?

A

Symptoms, history, blood work

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5
Q

What are interventions for cirrhosis?

A

Stop drinking, meds to maintain function, transplant

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6
Q

What is the prognosis of cirrhosis?

A

6 months or less once at end stage

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7
Q

What is Ascites?

A

Fluid accumulation in the abdomen

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8
Q

What is the cause of Ascites?

A

Live cirrhosis, CHF, kidney issues, infection, nutrition, Cushing’s

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9
Q

What is Cholelithiasis?

A

Gallstones - stones form in bladder due to salts or cholesterol

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10
Q

What is cholecystectomy?

A

Gallbladder removal

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11
Q

What is nephritis?

A

Kidney infection, acute or chronic

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12
Q

What is the cause of nephritis?

A

Usually UTI that migrates up

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13
Q

What can chronic nephritis lead to?

A

Kidney fibrosis

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14
Q

What are signs and symptoms of nephritis?

A

Abrupt pain, fever, chills, malaise

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15
Q

Where will pain be located with nephritis?

A

On flank, low back over kidneys

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16
Q

How is nephritis diagnosed?

A

Blood work and urinalysis

17
Q

How i nephritis treated?

A

Antibiotics

18
Q

How do you test for nephritis?

A

McMurray percussion test

19
Q

What is CKD and ESRD?

A
  • Chronic Kidney Disease
  • End Stage Kidney Disease
20
Q

Is ESRD terminal?

A

No

21
Q

What is ERDS?

A

Decreased kidney function, markers of kidney damage

22
Q

What are the leading causes of ESRD?

A

DM, HTN, glomerulonephritis, med toxicity

23
Q

What are signs and symptoms of ESRD?

A

Gradual - HTN, anemia, blood in urine, pallor, fatigue

24
Q

How is ESRD diagnosed?

A

Increased BUN and creatinine

25
Q

Describe hemodialysis parameters

A

3x/week, 4 hrs each

26
Q

Describe peritoneal dialysis

A

4x/day - can be done at home with cath

27
Q

What is acute cystitis?

A

UTI - bacterial infection in urethra

28
Q

What are signs and symptoms of UTI?

A
  • Frequent urination and urgency
  • Pain with urination
  • Fever, chills
  • Blood in urine
  • Mental confusion
29
Q

What is the treatment for UTI?

A

Antibiotic

Clin Med III - Final (14 decks)

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