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Cambridge Tech IT Unit 1 > 1.2 Computer Components > Flashcards

1.2 Computer Components Flashcards

1
Q

What is a CPU

A

Central processing unit - the brain of the computer

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2
Q

What does the CPU do

A

Fetch, decode execute (FDE) cycles

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3
Q

What does the ALU do

A

Controls mathematical calculations inside the CPU

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4
Q

What does the control unit do inside a CPU?

A

Understands instructions, tells other components what is needed to complete the instruction

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5
Q

What does the clock do inside the CPU

A

controls the number of FDE cycles carried out

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6
Q

What do registers do in the CPU

A

store and manage different pieces of useful data

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7
Q

What Is a motherboard

A

Motherboards are electrical circuits that hold many other crucial computer components

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8
Q

What is cache memory

A

Memory stored close to the CPU that stores data that is frequently accessed. the bigger the cache the less time the processor has to wait for the instruction to be fetched

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9
Q

What is a hard drive

A

An electromechanical device that uses one or more rotating discs to store data.
Relies on magnetic storage
Slower access speeds that SSD
can be internal or external
Fragile

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10
Q

What is a solid state drive

A

A storage device with no moving parts that stores data electronically instead of magnetically.
More robust than hard drives.
Faster access speeds
Internal and external
Portable
Flash memory

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11
Q

What is a flash drive

A

Lightweight and micro portable method of storing data

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12
Q

What is cloud storage

A

Where the customer can control and manage their own data online.
It can be managed easily
Data available from anywhere
Don’t need to pay for extra external storage devices which can be expensive

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13
Q

what does SATA stand for

A

Serial advanced technology attachment

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14
Q

What is SATA used for

A

Desktops, data storage and backups. Cables are limited to one metre in length and data and power cables are seperate

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15
Q

What does SAS stand for

A

Serial attached SCSI

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16
Q

What does SAS do

A

Faster and more reliable SATA drives
Used for enterprise computers where high speeds and availability are critical
Lower storage capacity than SATA
10m cables
Power and data are supplied through the same cables

17
Q

What does SCSI stand for

A

small computer system interface

18
Q

What does SCSI do

A

stores data using a single cable and has its own unique controller.
Can work with different computer types however is difficult to configure as each device has its own unique identification
Fast

19
Q

What does VGA do

A

Connects analog computer monitor to other monitors or televisions

20
Q

What does DDR do

A

RAM - higher transfer rates and faster performance

21
Q

What does PSU do

A

Power supply unit - converts 230v to a lower voltage

22
Q

What does IDE do

A

Connects motherboard to storage device e.g. hard drive

23
Q

What is a chip

A

A set of electronic circuits on a small flat piece of silicon

24
Q

What is PCI

A

connection between PC’s peripheral components and the motherboard

25
Q

What does USB stand for

A

Universal Serial Bus

26
Q

What does USB do

A

Connects external devices.
USB compliant devices receive power from a USB port
Host based ( device must be connected to computer to communicate)

27
Q

What does FireWire do

A

Used for devices working with higher levels of data e.g DVD and audio
More expensive than USB
2 FireWire devices can communicate without a computer
Powered or unpowered
Supports isochronous devices (continuous transfer of data at a steady rate)

28
Q

Network - Ethernet port

A

Used to connect wired network hardware
Uses RJ-45 connector

29
Q

What does Fibre channel do

A

Connecting computer services to a shared storage device
Faster that SCSI
flexible ( devices can be longer distances apart)
Offers point to point and switched loop interfaces

30
Q

RAM - random access memory

A

Stored the applications and graphical user interface
Fast
Volatile - if the computer loses power data in RAM is lost

31
Q

ROM - read only memory

A

Stores the start up instructions and the operating system of the computer
Cannot be changed by a programmer or user
Is it not volatile so retains memory when the computer is turned off

32
Q

What is cache (high speed memory in the cpu)

A

Holds frequently requested data and instructions so that they are available when required
Speeds up access to data and instructions stored in RAM
internal cache - within processor
External cache - on the motherboard

33
Q

interface card

A

Provides hardware connection that enables the device to be plugged into a network

34
Q

Network card

A

Provides a computer with the full time connection to the internet

35
Q

Modem card

A

Allows the computer to send or receive data through telephone / cable lines (ADSL)

36
Q

Sound card

A

Allows computer to input, process and deliver sound

37
Q

Video card (graphics card)

A

Generates a feed of output images to a display devices.
Discrete/dedicated graphics to emphasise their distinction to integrated graphics

Cambridge Tech IT Unit 1 (31 decks)

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