12税制的设计 Flashcards

1
Q

效率问题:
也包括

A

能以对纳税人来说较低的成本筹集到等量的收入
包括:无谓损失,税收支付本身,管理成本

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2
Q

定额税:

A

对每个人征收等量的税收

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3
Q

定额税的效率和不公平

A

效率:没有引起无谓损失,也没有扭曲激励
管理负担最小,不需要雇佣会计师,不需要保留收据
不公平:富人和穷人交税额相同
穷人比富人的税率高

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4
Q

受益原则

A

谁受益,谁交税
使用的更多,支付的税心应该更多

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5
Q

支付能力原则:

A

根据一个人可以承受的负担来征税

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6
Q

纵向公平:
横向公平:

A

纵向公平:支付能力更强的纳税人应该缴纳更多税收。
横向公平:有相似支付能力的纳税人应该缴纳等量税收。

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7
Q

比例税:
累退税:
累进税:

A

比:税率固定与收入多少无关
累:税率随着收入的增加而减少
累进:税率随着收入的增加而增加

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