生产要素市场 Flashcards

1
Q

生产要素是什么?
生产要素的物质资本是什么?

A

生产要素:用于生产物品与劳务的投入。
物质资本:用于生产物品与劳务的设备和建筑物。

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2
Q

劳动的边际产量是什么?
怎么找MPL

A

MPL = <Q / <L
增加一单位工人数量所引起的产量增加。

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3
Q

什么是边际产量值?
怎么找 VMPL

A

VMPL = P•MPL
一种投入的边际产量的市场价值。

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4
Q

画劳动的需求曲线。

A

找VMPL(劳动的需求曲线)

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5
Q

在竞争性劳动力市场,企业利润最大化条件:

A

VMPL = W (边际产量值=工资)

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6
Q

劳动需求曲线怎么移动?

A

画p.12

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7
Q

使劳动需求曲线移动的因素?

A

产品价格的变动,p
技术变革(影响 MPL)
其他要素的供给(影响MPL)

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8
Q

找边际成本的两个方法

A

MC = <TC / <Q
MC = W(工资)/ MPL (劳动的边际产量)

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9
Q

投入需求与产量供给之间的联系?

A

边际产量递减与边际成本递增是一个会事儿。

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10
Q

投入需求与产量供给之间的联系?(公式们)

A

投入需求与产量供给是同一事情。
P • MPL = W (竞与企业劳动需求的规则)
MC = W / MPL(投入需求与产量供给的关系)
可得 P=MC (竞争企业产量供给的规则)

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11
Q

劳动供给曲线

A

工资越高工人越多
画图形p.16

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12
Q

劳动市场均衡:

A

画图形 p. 17

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13
Q

使劳动供给曲线移动的因素?

A

嗜好
其他劳动市场上工人的机会
移民

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14
Q

关于土地和资本,必须做出区分:

A

购买价格:永远的买
租赁价格
工资是劳动的租赁价格

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15
Q

资本和土地租赁价格的决定类似于?

A

类似于工资的决定。

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16
Q

什么是新古典收入分配理论

A

要素价格是由要素的供给与需求决定的
每种要素赚到了它的边际产量值。