垄断竞争 Flashcards

1
Q

垄断竞争的特征?

A

许多卖者
产品不同
自由进入与退出市场

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2
Q

垄断竞争与垄断
短期和长期有什么区别?

A

短期:垄断类似
长期:和完全竞争类似

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3
Q

画垄断争业的利润和损失的图形

A

p. 4, p. 5

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4
Q

画长期中的垄断竞争图形

A

p. 7

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5
Q

垄断竞争的低效率原因?

A

生产能力过剩:没有在平均总成本最低率生产。
高于边际成本的价格加成:在垄断竞争条件下,p>MC
市场上企业的数量可能太多或太少。

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6
Q

规制垄断竞争行业?

A

政府两难:
垄断竞争存在无效率
企业获得零利润, 因此不能要求它们降低价格。
垄断竞争的无效率是模糊的,并且难以𢖍量。

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7
Q

为什么要做广告在垄断竞争?

A

在垄断竞争行业,产品有差异。
加成定价

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8
Q

广告的作用?正方和反方

A

正方:
促进了竞争
提供了高质量的信号
可能降低价格
反方:
浪费资源
影响人们的品味
抑制了竞争

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9
Q

为什么要做品牌

A

是形成产品差异的一种策略

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10
Q

品牌的作用?正方和反方

A

正方:
高质量的信号
企业有激励保持它们品牌的质量。
反方:

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11
Q

怎么知道垄断竞争企业在短期

A

They’re making profit

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12
Q

怎么知道垄断竞争业在长期?

A

零利润,no economic profit
ATC hit the demand carve her the quantity of MR equals to MC.
Other firms see the short-run profit and enter, so the firms have more substitutes, so demand curve going to fall

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