寡头 Flashcards

1
Q

垄断的程度的衡量?
集中度?

A

集中度:市场上最大的四家企业供应的产量占市场总产量的百分比。
勒那指数:L = (P - MC)/P

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2
Q

勒那指数

A

L = ( P - MC)/P

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3
Q

寡头?

A

只有少数几个卖者提供相似或相同产品的市场结构。

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4
Q

古诺模型:双头垄断
合谋?

A

合谋:一个市场上的企业之间就生产的产量或收取的价格达成的协议。

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5
Q

合谋的组织称为?

A

卡特尔

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6
Q

找利润的三个方法?

A

利润= TR - TC
利润= (TR/Q - TC/Q) / Q
利润=(P - ATC) / Q

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7
Q

合谋与自利

A

如果一个企业违反协定的话,找利润的方法:
利润=(P - ATC) / Q

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8
Q

当寡头企业利润最大化的产量
M pc mp 区别

A

寡头产量大于垄断,但小于竞争的产量水平
寡头价格低于垄断价格,但高于竞争价格。

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9
Q

博弈论

A

博弈论研究在策略情况下人们如何行为

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10
Q

占优策略

A

无论其他参与者选择什么策略,对某个参与者都为最优的策略。

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11
Q

占优策略均𧗾:

A

每个参与者都选择占优策略。

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12
Q

纳什均衡?

A

每个人都在假定所有其他主体所选策略为既定的情况下选择自己最优策略的策略组合。

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13
Q

可能引起合作的策略:1

A

触发策略:
如果其他企业在一个回合中违反协定,你将在接下来的所有回合中违反协定。

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14
Q

可能引起合作的策略:2

A

"以牙还牙"策略:
不管其他企业在这个回合中做什么(违反协定或者合作),你在接下来的回合中做同样的事情。

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