1.12 & 1.13 - Carbohydrates

Question 1

What type of carbohydrate is glucose?

Answer 1

Monosaccharide

Question 2

What type of carbohydrate is galactose?

Answer 2

Monosaccharide

Question 3

What type of carbohydrate is fructose?

Answer 3

Monosaccharide

Question 4

How is alpha glucose drawn?

Answer 4

alpha = below

Question 5

How is beta glucose?

Answer 5

beta = below

Question 6

What type of carbohydrate is maltose?

Answer 6

Disaccharide

Question 7

What type of carbohydrate is sucrose?

Answer 7

Disaccharide

Question 8

What type of carbohydrate is lactose?

Answer 8

Disaccharide

Question 9

What is lactose is made up of?

Answer 9

galactose and glucose

Question 10

What is sucrose is made up of?

Answer 10

glucose and fructose

Question 11

What is maltose is made up of?

Answer 11

glucose and glucose

Question 12

How do disaccharides form?

Answer 12

Condensation reaction

Question 13

What two alpha-glucose polysccharides make up starch?

Answer 13

Amylose and Amylopectin

Question 14

How do disaccharides break down?

Answer 14

Hydrolysis

Question 15

What is the main purpose of starch?

Answer 15

Main energy storage in plants

Question 16

What is the structure of anylose?
(x3 points)

Answer 16

1,4 glycosidic bonds (unbranched)
coiled helix (H bonds between -H & -OH)
compact so good for storage

Question 17

What is the structure of amylopectin?

Answer 17

1,4 & 1.6 glycosidic bonds (branched)
forms a network (branching)
rapidly hydrolyse
glucose is released quickly

Question 18

What is glycogens main purpose?

Answer 18

main energy storage in mammals

Question 19

what is the structure of glycogen?
(x3)

Answer 19

1,4 & 1,6 glycosidic bonds
rapidly hydrolyses
forms a network

Question 20

What is the structure of cellulose?

Answer 20

chains align parallel to each other forming tough fibres (held together by hydrogen bonds)
unbranched straight chain of β(1-4) glucose