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Language Science > 11 - Reading Module > Flashcards

11 - Reading Module Flashcards

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1
Q

Eyetracking research focuses on ______ & ______.

A

Fixations

Saccades

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2
Q

What is a Fixation?

A

The time spent focusing on one particular location when reading

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3
Q

What is the average reading fixation?

A

About 250 msec

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4
Q

What character do readers tend to focus on from the right? From the left?

A

14 characters on the right

4 characters on the left

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5
Q

How many letters are seen with 100% acuity around the fixation point?

A

Only 4-5

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6
Q

What sorts of words do people tend to fixate on longer?

A

Harder words (low frequency, uncommon)

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7
Q

Do we “see” all the words we read?

A

Nope

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8
Q

Do we tend to skip more content words or more function words?

A

Function

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9
Q

What are Saccades?

A

Eye movements, jumps

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10
Q

How long do saccades tend to last?

A

About 20 msec

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11
Q

How many letters are saccades?

A

About 10 letters in length

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12
Q

What are backwards saccades called?

A

Regressions

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13
Q

Do fluent readers have regressions? When do these usually occur?

A

Yes

Usually when a reader is confused, distracted, etc.

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14
Q

As readers become fluent, do their fixations, saccades and regressions decrease?

A

Yes

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15
Q

Can formatting can affect eye movements?

A

Yes

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16
Q

People with dyslexia show different eye-movement patterns. They have ______ fixations, ______ saccades, and ______ regressions.

A

Slower

Shorter

More frequent

17
Q

What are the Three Types of Orthographies?

A

Logography

Syllabary

Alphabet

18
Q

What is a Logography?

A

Symbols/characters are used to represent words/morphemes

Logograhies tend to be all-or-none meaning you will not be able to read a character you don’t know

19
Q

What are two examples of logographies?

A

Mayan

Chinese

20
Q

What is a Syllabary?

A

Symbols/characters represent syllables

21
Q

What is an example of a syllabary?

A

Japanese hiragana

22
Q

What is an Alphabet?

A

Letters represent one or more phonemes

Most European languages use the latin alphabet

23
Q

What is a Shallow Orthography?

A

One that has a strong spelling-to-sound correspondence

The symbols are consistent with thir associated sounds

You just need the basic rules to sound out all words

24
Q

What is a deep orthography

A

One that has weak spelling-to-sound correspondence

Letters are inconsistent with their associated sounds

A letter may represent several different sounds

25
Q

Are people more accurate in identifying a single letter or a letter within a word?

A

A letter within a word

26
Q

What does Healy’s T-Circling Task show us?

A

That we tend to skip over function words

Language Science (20 decks)

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