考博单词强记11 Flashcards
rigid
rigid [‘ridʒid] adj.坚硬的, 严格的, 固执的, 僵硬的, 刻板的 例句: Beliefs have ossified into rigid dogma. 信仰已僵化为不可更动的教条。 The caste refers to social system based on rigid distinctions of birth, rank, wealth, etc. 社会等级是指按照血统，阶级，财富等严格区分的社会制度。 It’s an exercise which adds a touch of the comic opera to his rigid training routines. 这一练习给他那刻板的训练程序平添了一份滑稽的色彩。
riot
riot [‘raiət] n.暴乱, 骚乱, 喧闹,（色彩）丰富, <俚>有趣的人 v.闹事, 骚乱 例句: Football hooligans ran riot through the town. 闹事的足球迷在城里胡作非为。 His tongue runs riot. 他讲话口没遮拦。 The police stopped several riots on election night. 警方在竞选之夜制止了几处骚乱。
rip
rip [rip] v.撕裂, 扯开 n.裂口, 裂缝, 撕裂 n.激流 n.浪荡子 例句: The poster had been ripped to pieces. 那张广告画已被撕得粉碎。 I ripped my stocking on a nail. 一个钉子挂破了我的袜子。
ripe
ripe [raip] adj.成熟的, 熟的 例句: The branches were weighed down with ripe apples. 苹果成熟了把树枝都压弯了。 Most tomatoes are red when ripe, but some kinds are yellow. 大多数西红柿成熟时是红色的，但有些品种是黄色的。 I like the luscious taste of ripe peaches. 我喜欢熟桃的香甜味。
rival
rival [‘raivəl] n.竞争者, 对手, 同伴 adj.竞争的 v.竞争, 与 … 相匹敌 例句: He was utterly unscrupulous in his competition with rival firms. 他与对立公司竞争完全不讲道德。 The party leader has been supplanted by his rival. 那位政党领导已被他的对手取而代之了。 He lashed at his rival for dishonesty. 他严厉斥责对手的欺诈行为。
roam
roam [rəum] v.漫游, 闲逛, 徜徉 例句: He used to roam the street for hour on end. 他过去常逛大街，一逛就是几个小时。 Bison used to roam through the American great plains, but most of them are slaughter by hunter. 从前野牛在美国大平原上漫游，但是大多数都被猎人屠杀了。 He settled down after years of roaming. 漂泊数年后，他定居了下来。
roar
roar [rɔ:] v.吼叫, 咆哮 n.吼声, 咆哮, 轰鸣, 喧闹 例句: The roar of the train reverberated in the tunnel. 火车的轰隆声在隧道里回荡。 They drove away from the city centre, the roar of the traffic still dinning in their ears. 他们驶出了市中心，但车来人往的喧嚣声仍在耳中回响。 The murmur swelled into a roar. 窃窃私语的声音变大形成一片喧哗。
roll
roll [rəul] n.卷, 滚动, 名单, 压路机,颤音 v.摇摆, 滚, 绕, 转动, 展开 例句: She rolled in for work twenty minutes late. 她懒懒散散地来上班，迟到了二十分钟。 The ship was rolling heavily to and fro. 那船晃来晃去很不平稳。 Years rolled on. 岁月流逝。
rot
rot [rɔt] n.腐烂, 腐蚀, 败坏, 胡话 v.腐烂, 使 … 枯朽, 消瘦 例句: They’re bound to win.’ Rot! They haven’t a chance!’ ｀他们一定赢.＇｀胡说! 他们毫无希望!＇ The rot set in when we lost that important customer in Japan. 我们失去了日本的那家重要客户後，情况越来越糟了。 The meat will rot if it isn’t kept cool. 肉如果不冷藏就会腐败。
rotate
rotate [rəu’teit] v.轮流, (使)旋转 adj.车轮状的 例句: Does the earth rotate on an axis? 地球是绕轴旋转的吗？ He rotates the handle gently. 他轻轻地转动手柄。 The post of chairman rotates among members of the committee. 主席一职由委员会的成员轮流担任。
rough
rough [rʌf] adj.粗糙的, 粗略的, 粗暴的, 艰难的,讨厌的,不适的 adv.粗糙地,粗暴地 n.粗制品, 暴徒, 高低不平的路面 vt.使粗糙, 殴打, 草拟 adv. 粗暴地 例句: I feel a bit rough I’m going to bed. 我有点儿不舒服－－想去睡觉了。 They complained rough handling by the police. 他们抱怨受到警察粗野的对待。 Could you give me a rough idea when
roundabout
roundabout [‘raundəbaut] adj.绕道的, 迂回的 n.环形交叉路口 n.(英)旋转木马 n.紧身短上衣 例句: The car stalled at the roundabout. 那辆汽车在环形交叉处抛锚了。 Five roads radiate from this roundabout. 有五条道路以这个环状交叉路为中心向各方伸展开。 At the roundabout, take the third exit. 在环状交叉路口，从第三条出路驶出。
routine
routine [ru:’ti:n] n.例行公事, 常规, 无聊 adj.常规的, 例行的, 乏味的 例句: We must introduce some system into our office routine. 我们须在我们日常公务中建立一些制度。 There was little deviation from his usual routine. 他没有什么反常的举动。 Routine office jobs have no relish at all for me. 我对坐办公室那种刻板的工作毫无兴趣。
ruin
ruin [‘ruin] v.毁灭, 毁坏, 破产 n.毁灭, 废墟, 崩溃 例句: He ruined his prospects by carelessness. 他因疏忽大意而断送了前途。 His rashness led ultimately to his ruin. 他的急躁鲁莽最终导致了他的毁灭。 The rain ruined my painting. 这场雨把我的画给毁了。
ruthless
ruthless [‘ru:θlis] adj. 残忍的, 无情的 例句: Don’t be taken in by his charming manner; he’s completely ruthless. 不要被他那副讨人喜欢的外表所迷惑，其实他冷酷无情。 He can be ruthless in getting what he wants, but I believe he would stop short of blackmail. 他这个人为达到目的是心黑手辣的,但我认为他还不至于使用敲诈手段。 His business rivals knew they could expect no quarter from such a ruthless adversary. 他的业务对手都知道不可指望他这样无情的人会手软。
sacrifice
sacrifice [‘sækrifais] n.牺牲, 祭品, 供奉 vt.牺牲, 亏本出售, 供奉 vi.献祭, (棒球)作牺牲一击 例句: A calf was offered up as a sacrifice to the goddess. 向女神祭献了一头牺牲小牛。 The high priest sacrificed the goat on the altar. 大祭司把山羊供奉在祭坛上。 Success in your job is not worth the sacrifice of your health. 以牺牲健康来求得工作上的成功是不值得的。
sake
sake [seik] n.理由, 缘故, 目的, 利益 n.日本清酒（=saki） 例句: It’s the company’s policy to sacrifice short-term profits for the sake of long-term growth. 为长期发展而牺牲短期利润是公司的方针。 Don’t inconvenience yourself for my sake. 请不必为我麻烦。 She gave him back the money she’d stolen for the sake of her conscience. 为了不受良心的谴责，她把从他那偷来的钱还给他了
sadden
sadden [‘sædn] v. (使)黯淡, (使)悲伤 例句: He saddened at the memory of her death. 他想到她已死去就很难过。 He was saddened at the memory of her death. 他想到她已死去就很难过。 The bad news saddened us. 那个坏消息使我们很难过。
salute
salute [sə’lu:t] v.行礼, 致意, 问候 例句: They saluted the Queen by firing ten guns. 他们鸣礼炮十响向女王致敬。 They saluted each other by raising their hats. 他们举起帽子互相致意。
sanction
sanction [‘sæŋkʃən] n.批准, 约束力,处罚 vt.批准, 支持 例句: The book was translated without the sanction of the author. 这本书未经作者许可就给翻译了。 The church would not sanction the king’s second marriage. 教会不会批准国王第二次结婚。 Western nations imposed tough sanctions on the country. 西方各国对这个国家实行了严厉制裁。
saturate
saturate [‘sætʃəreit] v.使浸透, 使充满, 使饱和 adj.浸透的,饱和的,深颜色的 例句: We lay on the beach, saturated in sunshine. 我们躺在沙滩上，沐浴在阳光里。
savage
savage [‘sævidʒ] adj.野性的, 凶猛的, 粗鲁的, 荒野的, 原始的 n.野蛮人, 粗人,凶恶的人 vt.激烈抨击, 猛烈攻击 例句: He smarted from the savage attacks on his film. 他因自己的影片受到猛烈攻击而感到痛心。 He entitled the book Savage Love’. 他给这本书取名为《野性的爱》. Savage, indiscriminate killing; a massacre. 血洗野蛮的、不加区别的杀戳; 大屠杀
scale
scale [skeil] n.刻度, 等级,规模, 音阶 n.天平, 磅秤 n.鳞片, 磷状物 v.攀登, 按比例决定 v.称重 v.刮磷, 剥落 例句: The force of the wind is measured on a standard scale of 0-12. 风力是按0-12级标准等级测量的。 The company has begun to scale down its operations in Asia. 这家公司已开始减少在亚洲的业务。 We are seeing unemployment on an unprecedented scale. 我们现在正经历规模空前的失业现象。
scandal
scandal [‘skændl] n.丑闻, 反感,耻辱, 中伤 例句: As new facts became known, the Government was forced to climb down over its handling of the spy scandal. 新的事实已众所周知，政府被迫承认处理间谍丑事失当。 The scandal caused tempests in the newspaper. 那件丑闻在报纸上引起阵阵风波。 The villagers knew about the scandal. 村子里的居民知道这件丑事。
scanty
scanty [‘skænti] adj.缺乏的, 不足的, 不够的 例句: Deficient in quantity, fullness, or extent; scanty. 不足的，缺乏的在数量、程度或范围上缺乏的; 不足的 The beggar shivered in his scanty clothes. 乞丐穿着单薄，冻得发抖。 He is scanty with words. 他沉默寡言。
scarce
scarce [skɛəs] adj.缺乏的, 不足的, 稀少的, 罕见的 adv.勉强 例句: Food was scarce throughout the war. 在战争期间食物匮乏。 Hotel accommodation was scarce during the Olympic Games. 奥运会期间，旅馆房间很难找。 I could scarce believe my eyes. 我几乎不敢相信自己的眼睛。
scare
scare [skɛə] v.受惊吓, 恐吓, 吓走 n.惊吓, 惊恐 例句: The dog scared the thief away. 狗把小偷吓走了。 You did give me a scare. 你真吓了我一跳。 The child was scared of the fierce looking dog. 这孩子害怕那条外表凶恶的狗。
scatter
scatter [‘skætə] vt.散播, 撒, 驱散 vi.分散, 消散 n.散布, 零星少量 例句: When the tree falls, the monkeys scatter. 树倒猢狲散。 The birds scattered at the sound of the gun. 鸟群一听到枪声就四处飞散了。 The farmers were scattering seed on the fields. 农夫把种子撒在田里。
schedule
schedule [‘skedʒul] n.时间表, 一览表, 计划 v.预定, 安排, 编制目录 例句: He was bidden to finish the work on schedule. 我要他按时完成工作。 We’ve already finished the work anterior to the schedule. 我们已经提前完成了工作。 His busy schedule made him completely inaccessible to his students. 他的时间排得很满，学生根本无法和他接触。
scheme
scheme [ski:m] n.阴谋, 计划, 方案 v.图谋, 设计, 策划, <非正式>认为 例句: The scheme seems on the surface to be quite practical. 这方案表面上看来似乎很实际。 The scheme involves computers. 这一设计离不开计算机。 She saw the possibilities of the scheme from the beginning. 她从一开始就预见到这计划可能成功。
scoff
scoff [skɔ:f,skɔf] n. 嘲笑, 笑柄, 愚弄 v. 嘲笑, 嘲弄, 愚弄, 狼吞虎咽 例句: Who has scoffed all the pastries down? 谁把点心全吃完了？ I can’t find the scoff. 我找不到食品！ I told them my ideas but they scoffed at them. 我把自己的想法告诉他们，但他们嗤之以鼻。
scold
scold [skəuld] v.责骂, 训斥 n.斥责, 爱责骂的人 例句: The disobedient son went out of his way to scold his parents. 这个不孝顺的儿子越出常轨谴责父母。 Don’t scold him; he is a mere child. 别责备他，他只不过是个孩子。 Don’t scold the boy; he’ll come round in time. 不要责骂这孩子，他过了那一阵就会好的。
scope
scope [skəup] n.机会, 范围, 眼界, 观看的仪器 vt.仔细研究 例句: It is within my scope. 那是在我的范围之内。 Your question is beyond the scope of this book. 你所问的问题已超出了这本书的范围。
scorch
scorch [skɔ:tʃ] v. （使）烧焦, 变焦, （使）枯萎 n. 烧焦 例句: The meat will scorch if you don’t lower the gas. 如果你不把煤气调小一点，肉就要焦了。 The long drought scorched the grass. 久旱使青草枯萎。
scorn
scorn [skɔ:n] n.轻蔑, 奚落, 笑柄 v.轻蔑, 鄙视, 嘲弄,不屑 例句: She poured scorn on the suggestion that he might never return. 她鄙弃有人暗示他一去不复返之意。 The small weak child became the scorn of the class. 这个瘦小软弱的孩子成为全班嘲笑的对象。 She scorned our offers of help. 她不屑接受我们的帮助。
scout
scout [skaut] n.童子军, 侦察员, 守卫 vt.侦察, 物色 例句: I’ve been scouting around town for a better house. 我跑遍了全城想找个好一点的房子。 They scouted around for some antiques to furnish their new apartment. 他们到处搜罗一些古董来装饰新居。 He scouted around to see what he could find. 他四处寻找，看看能找到些什么。
scramble
scramble [‘skræmbl] n.混乱, 攀爬, 争夺 v.攀爬, 混杂, 争抢, 紧急起飞,杂乱地生长 例句: I scrambled up the cliff for a better look at the sea. 我很快地爬上峭壁，好饱览大海的景色。 People were scrambling madly for shelter. 人们疯了似的抢着往隐蔽处跑。 It’s quite a scramble to get to the top of the hill! 要往上爬很长一段路才能到达山顶呢！
scrap
scrap [skræp] n.碎片, 废品, 少许, 瘦小的人, 争斗, 打架 v.报废, 舍弃, 打架 n. 打架 adj. 零碎的 例句: The scrap merchant has a machine which crushes cars. 那个废品商有个压碎汽车的机器。 The ship was broken up for scrap metal. 这艘船拆毁了当废铁用。 There is not a scrap of truth in what he says. 他说的话没有半点是真的。
scrape
scrape [skreip] v.刮掉, 擦掉 n.擦伤, 擦掉,刮擦声, <口>窘境 例句: I must have scraped some of the paint off when I was parking the car. 我准是停放汽车的时候刮掉了一些油漆。 Scrape your shoes on the door mat before you come in. 进屋前先在门口擦鞋垫上擦一擦鞋子。 He suffered a few cuts and scrapes. 他割破和擦伤了几个地方。
scratch
scratch [skrætʃ] v.抓, 搔（痒）, 划破, 划掉 n.抓痕, 乱写,抓的声音, 起跑线 adj.无让步的 例句: That cat scratches. 那只猫会抓伤人。 The famine is so bad, aid can only scratch the surface. 饥荒十分严重，援助也只是杯水车薪。 The monkey scratched about in its mate’s fur for fleas. 那只猴子在另一只猴子身上找跳蚤。
