10 Week Final (-exam 6 and final) Flashcards
Why did ancient Hebrews practice grooming rituals?
They believed that their bodies were gifts to be cared for.
Who used cosmetics for personal beautification, for religious ceremonies, and to prepare the deceased for burial?
Egyptians
What exemplified the ideal of beauty in ancient Japan?
Geisha
When did women have high hairstyles that incorporated wired cages with springs to adjust the height, and sometimes contained gardens and live animals?
Age of Extravagance
Where were makeup and showy clothing encouraged during the Victorian Age?
Theaters
What was a major cause of changes in style, skin care, and innovation of the beauty culture during the twentieth century?
Industrialization
What term refers to a person devoted to, or professionally occupied with, skin health and beauty?
Esthetician
Which career requires a knowledge of cosmetic chemistry, makeup and camouflage techniques, and business skills?
Medical Aesthetician
Who do commercial photographers often employ to work with models?
Makeup Artists
Where are you likely to find licensed massage therapist working today?
Airports
What can you do to begin your journey of success right now?
Visualize yourself as a successful esthetician
What is an important part of showing respect for others?
Using good manners
What term refers to putting off until tomorrow what you can do today?
Procrastination
What is an example of an active problem-solving word?
Explore, analyze, solve, create and so on
Were should you study?
Quiet spot in the library
What documents establishes the values that you live and work by, as well as your future goals?
Mission Statement
What are two types of goals?
Short-term and long-term
When you prioritize, you make a list of tasks in what order?
Most important to least important
How long does it take to perform most facials?
60 minutes
What is another common term for ethics?
Code of Conduct
_______, _______, and _______ are the ingredients of a healthy, well-developed attitude?
Receptivity, diplomacy, and confidentially
What personal characteristics show that you have a good work ethic?
Trustworthy and hardworking
What term refers to the impression projected by an esthetician’s outward appearance and conduct in the workplace?
Professional Image
What term refers to the daily maintenance of cleanliness and healthfulness through certain sanitary practices?
Personal Hygiene
What food should estheticians avoid during work hours because it’s odor can linger?
Onions
What type of approach is generally best when applying makeup?
Clean and Natural
What should your makeup do?
Accentuate your best features
What is part of your physical presentation?
Posture, walk, and movements
What is the science of designing the workplace, it’s equipment, and tools to make specific body movements more comfortable, efficient, and safe?
Ergonomics
What should you do to maintain good standing posture?
Balance your neck directly above you shoulders
What should you do when sitting?
Keep your back straight
What helps to enhance your professional image?
Practicing Confidentiality
What should you do when conflict arises?
Be assertive without being overbearing
When people are secure, how do they feel?
Confident
What do people do when they believe in themselves?
Stick to what they believe is right
What are some of the golden rules of human relations?
- Think twice before impulsively reacting to a situation.
- Learn to forgive yourself and others.
- Make amends when you are wrong.
When should the client intake form be mentioned to the clients?
When the client schedules the appointment
What question should you ask clients about their lifestyle during the consultation?
Career and personal lifestyle and stress level
What is the final step of the 10-step consultation process?
Reiterate everything you and the client have agreed upon
What should you try to do when a situation with a client is beyond your control?
Communicate past the issue
Generally, if clients are more than _____ minutes late, they should be asked to reschedule.
15 minutes
What is the first thing you should do when a conflict arises with a dissatisfied client?
Apologize for the client’s displeasure
What should you do when faced with a difficult client?
Use language that evokes a positive response
What should you do when communicating with fellow staffers?
Remain objective
What should you avoid when communicating with your salon manager?
Complaining about colleagues
In ancient Japan, married women and courtesans made a paste of sake, tea, and this substance to black out their teeth.
Iron scraps
Ancient Hebrews used this substance to prepare an ointment for cleansing.
Hyssop
Ancient Greeks bathed in this and then dusted their bodies in fine sand to protect themselves from the sun.
Olive Oil
Ancient Hebrews used this to create balms to keep in body heat.
Cinnamon
Ancient Hebrews used this substance in tincture form for oral hygiene.
Myrrh
What issues are addressed by OSHA standards?
- General workplace safety.
- Issues related to the handling of products.
- Your right to know about any potentially hazardous products you use.
What is NOT an issues addressed by OSHA standards?
Gender equality in the workplace
What term refers to an abnormal condition of all or part of the body that makes the body incapable of carrying on normal function?
Disease
What three qualities must disinfectant used in salons, spas, and medical facilities have?
Bactericidal, virucidal, and fungicidal
What type of bacteria causes abscesses, pustules, and boils?
Staphylococci
What is the most common type of bacteria?
Bacilli
What are the two new cells created through binary fission called?
Daughter cells
What is the most common way that communicable diseases spread?
Dirty Hands
What is a sign that a client has human papilloma virus (HPV) or plantar warts?
Clusters of small black dots on the bottom of the foot
What is the type of fungus that affects plants or grows on inanimate objects, but does not cause human infections in the salon.
Mildew
What form of decontamination is not recommended for use in salons or spas?
Dry-heat sterilization
What is a characteristic of an ideal disinfectant?
Includes strips for checking effectiveness
What strength bleach solution can be used for disinfecting implements that have come into contact with blood?
10%
What should you do when using disinfectants?
Follow the instructions on the label for diluting it
What is true about phenolic disinfectants?
They are a form of formaldehyde
What should you NOT do when using disinfectant?
Place them in unmarked containers
When should you wash your hands?
Before and after a service
What should you do next after stopping the service when a client is accidentally cut and starts to bleed?
Put on gloves
What type of burn affects all layers of the skin and causes blistering, swelling, and scarring?
Third degree
How long should you flush a client’s eye with water if a product gets into them?
15 minutes
What should you do to help keep the workplace healthy and looking its best?
Clean fans and humidifiers at least once a week
Medical term for barber’s itch.
Tinea Barbae
Determination of the nature of disease from its symptoms and/or testing.
Diagnosis
Round-shaped bacteria that appear singly or in groups
Cocci
Medical term for athlete’s foot.
Tinea pedis
Corkscrew-shaped bacteria.
Spirilla
One form of this is touching a contaminated countertop.
Indirect Transmission
Short rod-shaped bacteria.
Bacilli
Germicides formulated for use on skin.
Antiseptics
These work to break down stubborn films and remove the residue of products such as scrubs, salts, and masks.
Chelating Soaps
One form of this is passing body fluids through kissing.
Direct Transmission
What types of food should you choose?
High in nutrients and low in calories
How much of your daily food intake should consist of fat?
About 26%
How many common amino acids are there?
20
What is an example of monosaccharide?
Fructose
What are two types of fiber?
Soluble and insoluble
How many calories are in a single gram of protein?
4 grams
What is an example of a water-soluble vitamin?
Vitamin C and B
What type of food contains vitamin B-6 (pyridoxine)?
Leafy green vegetables
What does inositol aid?
Hair growth
What is a consequence of vitamin E deficiency?
Muscular atrophy, impotency, and rickets
What is NOT a potential consequence of vitamin E deficiency?
Heart disease
What foods are a good source of copper?
Almonds and seafood
Wha mineral is important to fluid balance and controlling activity of heart muscle, the nervous system and kidneys?
Potassium
What is important for proper bone and tooth formation?
Fluoride
What term refers to vitamin-containing substances thats are converted to the actual vitamin once they are in the body?
Precursors
How should vitamin e be administered to help heal damaged tissues?
Both internally and externally
What B vitamin is involved in energy formation by cells and the synthesis of both proteins and fatty acids?
Biotin
What is NOT a function of potassium?
Regulating cell nutrient transfers and reactions
What is a function of potassium
- Aiding in maintaining blood pressure
- Aiding stomach, nerve, and muscle function
- Aiding heart and nervous system functions
What mineral is important for protein synthesis and collagen formation, and promotes wound healing and helps the immune system?
Zinc
How many eight-ounce glasses of water should a person weighs 144 lbs drink each day?
9… half your body weight in ozs.
An example of healthy practice.
Scheduling routine health checks
Substance that provides energy to cells and converts oxygen to carbon dioxide.
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
Organic acids that form the building blocks of protein.
Amino Acids
These break down the basic chemical sugars that supply energy for the body.
Carbohydrates
Condition in which blood glucose or blood sugar drops too low.
Hypoglycemia
Essential trace minerals and vitamins that we need for proper body functions.
Micronutrients
Carbohydrate-lipid complexes that are good water binders.
Mucopolysaccharides
These can be synthesized by the body and do not have to be in our diet.
Nonessential amino acids
Water-binding substances found between the fibers of the dermis.
Glycosaminoglycans
Combinations of two incomplete proteins that, together, provide all the essential amino acids and make a complete protein.
Complementary food
The three basic food groups that make up the largest part of the nutrition we eat.
Macronutrients
These are used to make important hormones and maintain the lipid barrier of the skin.
Omega-6 fatty acids
Waxy substance needed to produce hormones, vitamin D, and bile.
Cholesterol
Biological catalyst made of protein and vitamins.
Enzyes
Carbohydrates made up of one basic sugar unit.
Monosaccharides
Macronutrients used to produce energy in the body.
Fats
Chains of amino acid molecules used in all functions and body growth.
Proteins
Good polyunsaturated fat that may decrease the likelihood of cardiovascular diseases by reducing arteriosclerosis.
Omega-3 fatty acids
Carbohydrates made up of two simple sugars such as lactose and sucrose.
Disaccharides
Measure of heat units
Calorie
What term refers to the study of the structure and composition of the skin tissue?
Skin Histology
What are the basic material and building blocks for body tissues?
Proteins
What is a characteristic of healthy skin?
Slightly Acidic
What is NOT a method by which the body maintains thermoregulation?
Absorption
What are the methods by which the body maintains thermoregulation?
Perspiration, radiation, and insulation
What is the bottom layer of the epidermis?
Stratum Germinativum
What is the average adult skin cell turnover rate?
28 days
What stimulates melanin production?
Exposure to sunlight
What color is eumelanin?
Dark brown to black
What percentage of hair is comprised of hard keratin?
90%
What type of glands secrete oil?
Sebaceous
What is NOT a function of lymph?
Supplying nutrients to the skin
What are some functions of lymph?
- Bathing the skin cells
- Performing immune functions
- Removing toxins and cellular waste
What type of ultraviolet radiation is know as the burning rays?
UVB
What effect does nicotine have on the body?
Contraction of the blood vessels?
Where do phytoestrogens come from?
Plants
This contracts when a person is cold, causing goose bumps.
Arrector pili muscle
Opening for a sweat gland.
pore
Fluid found between epidermal cells.
Intercellular matrix
Fiber protein that provides resiliency and protection to the skin.
Keratin
Cell stimulator
Fibroblast
Protective barrier made up of sebum, lipids, sweat, and water.
Acid mantle
Oily substance that protects the surface of eh skin and lubricates both the skin and hair.
Sebum
This stimulates skin cells to reproduce and heal.
Epidermal growth factor (EGF)
Protects the body from infection by identifying foreign material (antigens).
Langerhans immune cells
Skin’s mechanism that protects us from irritation and intercellular transepidermal water loss (TEWL).
Barrier function
This connects the dermis to the epidermis.
Papillary layer
Single layer of basal cells laying on a “basement membrane”.
Stratum Germinativum
Outermost layer of skin.
Epidermis
Top, outmost layer of the epidermis.
Stratum Corneum
Loose connective tissue and adipose tissue found below the reticular layer.
Subcutaneous Layer
Support layer of connective tissues below the epidermis.
Dermis
This is also known as the spiny layer.
Stratum Spinosum
This is composed of cells that resemble granules and are filled with keratin.
Stratum Granulosum
Denser and deeper layer of the dermis, comprised mainly of collagen and elastin.
Reticular Layer
Thin, clear layer of dead skin cells under the stratum corneum.
Stratum Lucidum
Dilation of the capillary walls.
Telangiectasia
These take electrons from compounds in the body such as proteins, lipids, or DNA.
Free Radicals
Chronic vascular disorder characterized by couperose veins and congestion of the skin.
Rosacea
Coiled structures attached to the hair follicles found under teh arms and in the genital area.
Apocrine Glands
Binding of a protein molecule to a glucose molecule, resulting in the formation of damaged, nonfunctioning structures.
Glycation
Fibrous protein that forms elastic tissue and give s skin its elasticity.
Elastin
Sweat glands found all over the body with openings on the skin’s surface through pores.
Eccrine Glands
This creates a protective cushion that gives contour ad smoothness to the body, as well as providing a source of energy for the body.
Adipose Tissue
White blood cells that have enzymes to digest and kill bacteria and parasites.
Leukocytes
Waxy lipid molecules important to barrier function and water-holding capacity.
Ceramides
What can cause skin conditions?
Both internal and external factors
Why are the acid mantle and barrier function not as healthy in dry skin?
Lack of lipids
What beverages can cause dehydrated skin?
Coffee
What skin type is indicated by larger, visible follicles over most of the face?
Oily
What type of skin is characterized by fragile, thin skin and redness?
Sensitive
The hair and eye color for this skin type vary.
Fitzpatrick Type III
What Fitzpatrick skin type is common among people of Middle Eastern descent?
Type V
What skin type on the Glogau Scale shows wrinkles at rest is specific to people in their 40s and 50s?
Type III
What Rubin classification includes superficial pigment and changes in the epidermis?
Level 1
What is NOT one of the most common skin conditions estheticians see today?
Vitiligo
What condition is characterized by redness and distended capillaries caused by a weakening of the capillary walls?
Telangiectasia
What term refers to oiliness of the skin?
Seborrhea
What is the main external cause of aging?
Sun damage
What term refers to the strength of intensity of sunlight exposure?
Dosage
What is true about UVB radiation?
It has more energy than UVA radiation.
What SPF is recommended when selecting sunscreen?
30
What is NOT a recommended habit for maintaining healthy skin?
Eating foods containing preservatives
What type of treatments are contraindicated for clients with epilepsy?
Electrotherapy and phototherapy
What document is a record of all of your notes from the skin analysis, what you used in the treatment, and your home-care recommendations?
Client chart
What is NOT a focus of a skin analysis?
Skin care products the clients uses at home
This is thick and lays on the top of the skin to reduce transepidermal water loss.
Occlusive product
This is caused by sun damage rather than genetics.
Actinic aging
Excessive cell turnover and dead skin cell buildup.
Hyperkeratosis
Skin that appears red with distended capillaries.
Couperose skin
Center area of the face, corresponding to the shape formed by the forehead, nose, and chin.
T-zone
This, along with lifestyle and attitude, can contribute to the skin’s health.
Stress
Abnormal hypertrophic scarring.
Keloids
Skin that lacks water.
Dehydrated skin
This evaluates photo-damage based on wrinkling categorized by age.
Glogau scale
Factor that prohibits a treatment due to a condition.
Contraindication
Dark areas on the skin.
Age spots
This is used to measure the skin type’s ability to tolerate sun exposure.
Fitzpatrick scale
Skin that lacks oil.
Alipidic skin (dry)
Skin that lacks oxygen
Asphyxiated skin
This uses levels to classify photo-damage by the depth of skin changes or damage.
Rubin’s classification of photo-damage
