1: Intro to Nervous systems Flashcards

1
Q

what division of PNS conducts impulses from receptors from environment to the CNS

A

sensory (afferent division)

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2
Q

what’s the biggest difference in invertabrate’s nervous system compared to vertebrates

A

invertabrates have a VENTRAL nerve chord (along their belly)
vertabrates have dorsal cord - the spine duh

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3
Q

what brain divisions are common to all vertabrates

A

olfactory bub
cerebral hemispheres
cerebellum
optic tectum
medulla oblongata

and mammals specifically have the neocortex

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4
Q

2 divisions of the forebrain

A

telencephalon
diencephalon

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5
Q

what does the telencephalon contain

A

cortex
olfactory bulb

remember its close to the front

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6
Q

what does the diencephalon contain

A

thalamus
hypothalamus

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7
Q

what is midbrain called

A

mesencephalon

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8
Q

what is mesencephalon made up of

A

tectum
tegmentym

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9
Q

what is hindbrain called

A

rhombencephalon

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10
Q

what is rhombencephalon made up of

A

pons
medulla
cerebellum

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11
Q

what initial process forms the nervous system

A

specialisation of ectoderm

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12
Q

what does the neural crest end up forming

A

the PNS

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13
Q

what does the neural tube end up forming

A

CNS

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14
Q

what does endoderm form

A

lining of organs

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15
Q

what does mesoderm form

A

bones
muscles
gives rise to notochord

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16
Q

what does ectoderm form

A

nervous system
skin

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17
Q

notochord function

A

signalling

18
Q

if anterior pore of neural tube doesnt close, what does this cause

A

brain doesnt develop
anencephaly

19
Q

if posterior pore of neural tube doesnt close, what does this cause

A

spina bifida

20
Q

what drugs increase risk of spina bifida

A

antiepilepsy
bipolar drugs

21
Q

what forms the primary vesicles

A

3 swellings at rostral end of neural tube

22
Q

name the 3 ventricles in brain

A

lateral ventricles
3rd ventricl
4th ventricle

23
Q

what are the names of the canals connecting these ventricles

A

interventricular foramen

cerebral aqueduct

central canal

24
Q

what is spinal cord surrounded by

A

meninges
and
CSF

25
what does dorsal root of spinal cord contain
sensory, afferent neurons
26
what does ventral root of spinal cord contrain
motor, efferent neurons
27
what is grey matter made up of
neuron cell bodies
28
what is white matter made up of
myelinated axons
29
what is oldest part of brain
brainstem
30
what does brainstem contain
midbrain pons medulla
31
role of pons
relay between cortex and cerebellum
32
hydrocephalus
build of of CSF in brain no good
33
role of midbrain/mesencephalon
eye movements, sleep, temp regulation
34
role of cerebellum
movement control centre
35
ataxias
disease affecting cerebellum causing aberrant movement
36
role of cerebral cortex
voluntary actions cognition perception/awareness basically stuff that makes u smart
37
what type of cerebral cortex do mammals have compared to birds, reptiles
mammals: 6-layer structure (neocortex) non mammals have 3 layer
38
clockwise from front, name lobes and brief fucntions of cerebral cortex
frontal - voluntary actions (somatomotor cortex) (somatosensory cortex) parietal - sensory info, language occipital - visual processing temporal - memory, language, sensory
39
what is homunculous
map of the brain according to the neural composition
40
decussation
word that describes how the right half of the brain controls the left half of the body and vice versa