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Pharmacology > 1: Drug Action and Body Responses > Flashcards

1: Drug Action and Body Responses Flashcards

0
Q

Adverse drug reaction

A

A drug effect that is more severe than expected and has a potential to damage tissue or cause serious health problems. It may also be called a toxic effect or Toxicity and usually requires intervention by the prescriber

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1
Q

Absorption

A

Movement of the drug from the outside of the body into the bloodstream

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2
Q

Adverse effect

A

A drug effect that is more severe than expected and has a potential to damage tissue or cause serious health problems. It may also be called a toxic effect or Toxicity and usually requires intervention by the prescriber

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3
Q

Agonist

A

An extrinsic drug that activates the receptor site of a cell and mimics the action of naturally occurring drugs

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4
Q

Allergic response

A

Type of adverse effect in which the presence of the drug stimulates the release of histamine and other body chemicals that cause inflammatory reactions. The response maybe as mild as a rash or a severe and life-threatening as anaphylaxis

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5
Q

Antagonist

A

And extrinsic drug that blocks the receptor site of a cell preventing the naturally occurring substance from running to the receptor

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6
Q

Bioavailability

A

The percentage of a drug does that actually reaches the blood

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7
Q

Black box warning

A

A notice that a drug may produce serious or even life-threatening affects and some people in addition to a beneficial effects

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8
Q

Brand name

A

A manufacture own name of a generic drug also called trade name or proprietary name

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9
Q

Cytotoxic

A

Drug action that is intended to kill a cell or an organism

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10
Q

Distribution

A

The extent that a drug absorbed into the bloodstream spreads into the three body water compartments

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11
Q

Drug

A

A small molecule that changes anybody function by working at the chemical and cell levels

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12
Q

Drug therapy

A

The planned use of a drug to prevent or improve a health problem

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13
Q

Duration of action

A

The length of time a drug is present in the blood at or above the level needed to produce an effect or response

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14
Q

Elimination

A

The inactivation or removal of a drug from the body accomplished by certain body systems

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15
Q

Enteral route

A

Movement of drugs from the outside of the body to the inside using the gastrointestinal tract

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16
Q

Extrinsic drugs

A

Drugs that are man-made (synthetic) or derived from another species; not made by the human body

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17
Q

First-pass loss

A

Rapid inactivation or elimination of oral drugs as a result of liver metabolism

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18
Q

Generic name

A

National and international public drug name created by the United States Adopted Name Council (USANC) to indicate they usually use or chemical composition of a drug

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19
Q

Half-life

A

Time span needed for one half of a drug those to be eliminated

20
Q

Herbals

A

Natural products made from plants that cause a response in the body similar to that of a drug

21
Q

High-alert drugs

A

A drug that has an increased risk of causing patient harm if it is used in error

22
Q

Intended action

A

The desired effect of the drug on specific body cells or tissues

23
Q

Intrinsic drugs

A

Hormones enzymes growth factors and other chemicals made by the body that change the activity of cells

24
Q

Loading dose

A

The first dose of the drug that is larger than all subsequent doses of the same drug; used when it takes more drug to reach steady-state than it does to maintain it

25
Q

Mechanism of action

A

How at the cellular level a drug changes back to video myself

26
Q

Medication

A

Any small molecule that changes anybody function but working at the chemical and cell level

27
Q

Metabolism

A

Chemical reactions in the body that changes the chemical shape and content of a drug preparing the drug for inactivation and elimination

28
Q

Minimal effect concentration (MEC)

A

The smallest amount of drug necessary in the blood or target tissue to result in a measurable intended action

29
Q

Over-the-counter

A

Drugs that are approved for purchase without a prescription

30
Q

Parenteral route

A

Movement of a drug from the outside of the body to the inside of the body by injection

31
Q

Peak

A

Maximum blood drug level

32
Q

Percutaneous route

A

Movement of a drive from the outside of the body to the inside through the skin or mucous membranes

33
Q

Personal responses

A

Unexpected adverse affects that are unique to the patient and not related to the mechanism of action of the drug

34
Q

Pharmacodynamics

A

Ways in which drugs work to change body function

35
Q

Pharmacokinetics

A

How the body changes drugs; drug metabolism

36
Q

Pharmacology

A

The science and study of drugs and their actions on living animals

37
Q

Physiology effect

A

The change in body function as an outcome of the mechanism of action of a drug

38
Q

Potency

A

The strength of the intended action produced at a given drug dose

39
Q

Prescription

A

An order written or dictated by a state approved prescriber for a specific drug therapy for a specific patient

40
Q

Prescription drugs

A

The legal status of any drug that is considered unsafe for self medication or has a potential for addiction and is only available by prescription written by a state approved healthcare professional

41
Q

Receptors

A

Physical place on or in a cell were a drug can bind and interact

42
Q

Sequestration

A

The trapping of drugs within certain body tissues delaying their elimination and extending their duration of action

43
Q

Side effects

A

Any minor effect of a drug on body cells or tissues that is not the intended action of a drug

44
Q

Steady-state

A

Point at which drug elimination is balanced with drug entry resulting in a constant effective blood level of the drug

45
Q

Target tissue

A

The actual sales or tissues affected by the mechanism of action or intended action of a specific drug

46
Q

Transdermal

A

Type of percutaneous drug delivery in which the drug is applied to the skin, passes through the skin, and enters the bloodstream

47
Q

Trough

A

The lowest or minimal blood drug level

48
Q

Vaporized

A

Changing of the drug from a liquid form to a gas that can be absorbed into the body by inhalation

Pharmacology (27 decks)

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