1: Drug Action and Body Responses Flashcards
Adverse drug reaction
A drug effect that is more severe than expected and has a potential to damage tissue or cause serious health problems. It may also be called a toxic effect or Toxicity and usually requires intervention by the prescriber
Absorption
Movement of the drug from the outside of the body into the bloodstream
Adverse effect
A drug effect that is more severe than expected and has a potential to damage tissue or cause serious health problems. It may also be called a toxic effect or Toxicity and usually requires intervention by the prescriber
Agonist
An extrinsic drug that activates the receptor site of a cell and mimics the action of naturally occurring drugs
Allergic response
Type of adverse effect in which the presence of the drug stimulates the release of histamine and other body chemicals that cause inflammatory reactions. The response maybe as mild as a rash or a severe and life-threatening as anaphylaxis
Antagonist
And extrinsic drug that blocks the receptor site of a cell preventing the naturally occurring substance from running to the receptor
Bioavailability
The percentage of a drug does that actually reaches the blood
Black box warning
A notice that a drug may produce serious or even life-threatening affects and some people in addition to a beneficial effects
Brand name
A manufacture own name of a generic drug also called trade name or proprietary name
Cytotoxic
Drug action that is intended to kill a cell or an organism
Distribution
The extent that a drug absorbed into the bloodstream spreads into the three body water compartments
Drug
A small molecule that changes anybody function by working at the chemical and cell levels
Drug therapy
The planned use of a drug to prevent or improve a health problem
Duration of action
The length of time a drug is present in the blood at or above the level needed to produce an effect or response
Elimination
The inactivation or removal of a drug from the body accomplished by certain body systems
Enteral route
Movement of drugs from the outside of the body to the inside using the gastrointestinal tract
Extrinsic drugs
Drugs that are man-made (synthetic) or derived from another species; not made by the human body
First-pass loss
Rapid inactivation or elimination of oral drugs as a result of liver metabolism
Generic name
National and international public drug name created by the United States Adopted Name Council (USANC) to indicate they usually use or chemical composition of a drug
Half-life
Time span needed for one half of a drug those to be eliminated
Herbals
Natural products made from plants that cause a response in the body similar to that of a drug
High-alert drugs
A drug that has an increased risk of causing patient harm if it is used in error
Intended action
The desired effect of the drug on specific body cells or tissues
Intrinsic drugs
Hormones enzymes growth factors and other chemicals made by the body that change the activity of cells
