05.20 - UTIs (Brint) - PP Flashcards
2 frequent causes of hematogenous UTI
Bacterial endocarditis, Indwelling venous catheters
How can you tell if kidney is involved
WBC Casts
Blood culture when pyelonephritis
Will be positive
How does preganancy affect rate of pyelonephritis
Greatly increases
Fever, Chills, Flank pain, CVAT =
Upper Tract Infection
Catheter in bladder =
colonization w/ water-loving bacteria that start with P
pH of 8 =
Urea-splitting bacteria (Struvite)
Abx most effective in both Complicated and Uncomplicated UTI
Cipro
Why is there an increased rate of UTI in pregnancy
Progesterone lowers motility –> Stagnate urine
How does contraception affect rate of UTI
foreign body contraceptives increase rate
2 Abx for Pyelonephritis that have lowest renal concentrations
Cephalothin, Ampicillin
Abx most effective in complicated but not uncomplicated
Ceftriaxone, Gentamicin
What percent of UTI bactereria come from GI
95%
2 main causes of Dysuria
Classic Cystitus (50%), Acute Urethral Syndrome (40%)
UTI + Obstruction =
Papillary Necrosis
Male vs female in elderly
Male catch up due to impaired flow (BPH)
Receptor for bacterial fimbriae on uroepithelium
P blood group antigen
Painless hematuria =
Cancer
Two most common organisms in UTI
E coli, Staph saprophyticus
WBC casts indicate
kidney involvement
Antibiotic duration in men vs women
Longer use in men because there must be something structural
Frequent cause of altered mental status
Infection
Recurrent gonorrhea causes
Urethral stricture
Male vs female in infants
Male > Female
Virulence factor that impairs phagocytosis
K antigen (capsular polysaccharides)
Acute Urethral Syndrome vs Classic Cystitus
Classic is > 10^5 cfu/mL, Acute Urethral is
Why do UTI’s more frequently progress in pregnant women?
Immunosuppressive state
Struvite Renal Calculi occur in patients with
some abnormality of tract
Organism in young females that aren’t too sick
Staph Saprophyticus
T/F: Hematuria is a common feature of UTI
false, should be thinking more tubulointersitial disease
Significant bacteruria is what amount
>15^5 cfu
In Acute Urethral Syndrome, inflammatory response is limited to
the Urethra
If multiple organisms in urine culture
Reported as contaminated (False positive)
Role of Tamm-Horsfall in UTI
Thought that it may inhibit colononization and adherence
2 signs of contaminated urine culture
Multiple organisms, Lots of squamous cells
