05.07 - Na Balance (Gyalmani) - PP + Handout, No reading, Not watched

Question 1

Vomitting and diarrhea are examples of loss of ___ fluid

Answer 1

isotonic

Question 1

Signs of ECFV depletion

Answer 1

Incr HR, Decr BP, Orthostatic incr in HR or Decr in BP

Question 2

EuvolemicHypo-osmolar Hypo-natremia is due to

Answer 2

Water retention due to autonomous or altered regulation of ADH release

Question 2

Changes in TBNa are synomymous with changes in

Answer 2

ECFV

Question 2

How is retained water (no change in TBNa) distributed

Answer 2

2/3 to ICFV and 1/3 to ECFV

Question 2

Effect of hypotonic fluid loss on TBW, ICFV, ECFV

Answer 2

All decrease

Question 3

High Pressure Sensors of Decr ECV

Answer 3

Carotid Sinus, Aortic Arch, JGA

Question 4

__ of TBW and __ of BW is ECFV

Answer 4

1/3 TBW, 0.2 BW

Question 5

It would take __ liters of pure H2O loss to produce same change in ECFV as 2 liter loss of isotonic fluid

Answer 5

6 liters

Question 6

___ determines size of ECFV

Answer 6

TBNa

Question 7

Usually Hyper-Natremia is caused by ___, rather than ____

Answer 7

Excess water loss, rather than by Na gain

Question 8

How is loss of water (no change in TBNa) distributed

Answer 8

2/3 to ICFV and 1/3 to ECFV

Question 9

What causes disproportionate increase in BUN relative to Creatinine

Answer 9

Volume depletion

Question 10

__ of TBW and __ of BW is ICFV

Answer 10

2/3 TBW, 0.4 BW

Question 11

What type of Hyponatremia does Hypothyroidism cause?

Answer 11

Euvolemic Hypo-osmolar

Question 12

Main solute in concentrated urine

Answer 12

Urea, not Na

Question 13

Lab test to measure ECFV

Answer 13

None readily available

Question 15

Volume response depends on mechanisms that sense changes in

Answer 15

Effect Circulating Volume

Question 16

What type of Hyponatremia is caused by Severe HypoKalemia

Answer 16

Hypo-volemic Hypo-Osmolar

Question 18

Na and associated anions __ are major solutes of ECF

Answer 18

Cl and HCO3

Question 19

What type of Hyponatremia is caused by Acute and Chronic Renal Failure

Answer 19

Hyper-volemic Hypo-osmolar

Question 21

What % of TBV is in arterial compartment

Answer 21

15%

Question 22

Gastric losses are rich in __ and would be associated with

Answer 22

HCl, Metabolic Alkalosis

Question 23

Which is triggers homeostasis first, incr ECF osmolarity or decreased ECV

Answer 23

Incr in Osmolarity

Question 23

Hyper-Natremia with Uosm less than 300 mOsm/kg is

Answer 23

DI (central/nephrogenic), Water diuresis

Question 25

Intestinal fluid is rich in ___ and would result in ___

Answer 25

HCO3-, Normal AG Metabolic Acidosis

Question 26

___osmotic fluid is lost with diarrhea or vomitting

Answer 26

Iso-osmotic

Question 27

Hyperosmolar Hyponatremia is usually caused by

Answer 27

Hyperglycemia, Hypertonic Mannitol

Question 28

ICFV change in isotonic losses/volume depletion

Answer 28

None

Question 29

Isotonic losses or gains change __ but not __

Answer 29

ECFV, but not ICFV

Question 31

__ of ECFV and __ of BW is PV

Answer 31

1/4 of ECFV, 0.05 BW

Question 32

Change in ECFV and ICFV due to ingestion of Na

Answer 32

Expansion of ECFV w/ little or no change in ICFV

Question 33

__ of ECFV and __ of BW is ISFV

Answer 33

3/4 of ECFV, 0.15 BW

Question 34

Low Pressure Sensors of Decr ECV

Answer 34

Cardiac Atria, Pulmonary Vasculature

Question 35

Iso-Osmolar Pseudohyponatremia is caused by

Answer 35

Severe hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia