02b: Oral Cavity Flashcards by Nuna H

(X) are (major/minor), (serous/mucous/seromucous) glands that secrete directly into moat of (Y) papillae.

X = Von Ebner’s glands
Minor, serous;
Y = circumvallate

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T/F: There are no purely mucous minor glands in oral cavity.

True

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Mucous gland cells secrete (X), which is hydro(phobic/philic) and becomes (Y) when (hydrated/dehydrated).

X = mucinogen;
Hydrophilic
Y = mucin
Hydrated

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Serous gland cells produce (fatty/watery) secretion that’s mostly (X).

Water;

X = enzymes/proenzymes

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(Serous/mucous) cells secrete granules in merocrine manner.

Serous

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Basic functional unit of gland is known as (X). What’s (X) comprised of?

X = salivon

Serous/mucous acini
Intercalated duct
Striated duct

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List the three major, paired salivary glands. Star the mainly/purely serous one(s) and double-star the mainly/purely mucous one(s).

Parotid*
Submandibular
Sublingual**

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At about day 26 of development, (X) breaks down, causing (Y) structures and tissue types to fuse.

X = oropharyngeal membrane
Y = stomatodeum (ectoderm) and foregut (endoderm)

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List oral cavity structures that contain ectoderm-derived epithelium.

Palate
Gingiva
Cheeks

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List oral cavity structures that contain endoderm-derived epithelium.

Tongue, lingual papillae, taste buds

2. Pharynx/epiglottis

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The two medial nasal prominences merge (superficially/deep) to form (X). List the three components of (X).

Both superficial and deep;
X = intermaxillary segment

Philtrum (labial portion)
Upper jaw (4 incisors)
Primary palate

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What does the incisive fossa mark?

Midline point of fusion of lateral palatine shelves and primary palate

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(X) processes must take place before lateral palatine shelves can fuse together and with (Y) structures.

X = growth, proliferation, elevation
Y = primary palate and nasal septum

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T/F: By 10 weeks, the formation of lip/palate is essentially complete.

True

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(X) are the main tissue layers of oral mucosa. List the three main types of mucosa

X = epithelium and CT

Masticatory mucosa
Lining mucosa
Specialized mucosa

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T/F: There’s no muscularis mucosae layer in oral cavity.

True

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(X) layer is not found in all types of oral mucosa. Give specific examples.

X = submucosa

Masticatory mucosa (gingiva and hard palate)

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In (X) oral mucosa, the absence of submucosa layer results in tight binding of which two layers?

X = masticatory

Lamina propria to bone

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Masticatory mucosa has (X) epithelium to allow for which specific function?

X = stratified squamous (keratinized or parakeratinized)

Withstands friction during chewing

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Injection is difficult and infection spreads slowly in (X) type of oral mucosa. The opposite is true in (Y) type of oral mucosa.

X = masticatory
Y = lining

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Lining mucosa has (X) epithelium and (Y) tissue responsible for extensibility of the mucosa.

X =  stratified squamous non-keratinized
Y = elastic fiber CT

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In which location(s) in oral cavity would you find specialized mucosa?

Dorsal surface of tongue (with papillae and taste buds)

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The (X) layer of (Y) mucosa in (Z) location of oral cavity has extensive capillary supply/loops. This allows absorption of certain drugs.

X = lamina propria
Y = lining mucosa
Z = floor (sublingual)

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In the transition between (X) mucosa and gingiva, which tissue layer will show the most prominent difference in concentration of (Y)?

X = masticatory;
Lamina propria
Y = elastic fibers (not present in gingiva)

Gingiva is composed of two portions: (X), facing oral cavity and (Y).

``` X = gingival mucosa Y = junctional (attachment) epithelium ```

(X) part of the gingiva adheres firmly to (Y) part of tooth via (Z).

``` X = junctional (attachment) epithelium Y = cementum/enamel Z = hemidesmosomes ```

(X) tissue of oral cavity is unique in that it has two basal laminas. What does each attach to?

X = gingiva's junctional epithelium 1. IBL (to calcified tissue/enamel) 2. EBL (to CT, like typical basal cells)

It's the junction between (X) and (Y) that's permeable and, upon passing of antigens, can initiate inflammation, aka (Z).

``` X = junctional epithelium of gingiva Y = tooth Z = gingivitis ```

Salivary gland ducts grow by branching morphogenesis. Specifically, proliferation of (X) tissue grows into (Y) tissue.

``` X = surface ectoderm (oral epithelial cells) Y = underlying ectomesenchyme ```

Proliferation/branching of salivary gland ducts is a result of (X) signaling (Y) proliferation.

``` X = neural crest cells Y = oral epithelial cell ```

Branching of salivary ducts: upon formation of lumen, the (X) tissue consists of two layers. List them and their eventual differentiated structures.

X = epithelium 1. Inner layer (secretory cells) 2. Outer layer (myoepithelial contractile cells)

T/F: Oral cavity epithelium forms the first barrier against infection.

False - saliva does

T/F: Saliva aids in speech.

True

T/F: Although shaped differently, all teeth are histologically similar.

True

We normally have (X) number of permanent teeth and (Y) deciduous teeth.

``` X = 32 Y = 20 ```

List the three specialized hard tissues of the tooth. Star the type(s) that is/are avascular.

1. Enamel* 2. Dentin* 3. Cementum*

T/F: Dentin, cementum, and enamel are all embryologically derived from ectomesenchyme.

False - enamel from surface ectoderm

List the tooth structures that arise from ectomesenchyme.

1. Dentin 2. Cementum 3. Periodontal ligament 4. Alveolar bone

List the cells that make dentin, cementum, and enamel.

D: odontoblast C: cementocyte E: ameloblast

The (X) cell that makes (dentin/cementum/enamel) degenerates after its product is fully formed.

X = ameloblast | Enamel

T/F: Enamel is acellular, avascular, nonviable, and insensitive.

True

T/F: Structure of enamel is incredibly strong due to organization into simple rods.

False - strong due to both rod and inter-rod structure

T/F: Dentin forms bulk of tooth

True

(X) is the organic component of dentin. (Y)% of dentin is inorganic material.

``` X = collagen type I Y = 70 ```

Dentin is closely packed into (X) that traverse its entire thickness. Contained within (X) are cytoplasmic extensions of (Y).

``` X = tubules Y = odontoblasts ```

List the contents of the pulp cavity.

1. Vessels/nerves | 2. Odontoblasts

Cementum is found in nearly the same plane as (dentin/enamel) and is firmly locked to (X).

Enamel (superficial to dentin); | X = dentin

(X) relies on vascularity of periodontal ligament for its repair.

X = cementum

Periodontal ligament is located between (X) and (Y). Its principal tissue type is (Z).

``` X = alveolar bone and cementum Z = collagen type I fibers ```

List the three main functions of periodontal ligament.

1. Support/fixation of tooth 2. Proprioception and pain sensation 3. Rich blood supply (cementum relies on this for repair)

(X) cell layer lines the pulp cavity.

X = odontoblast (cell bodies)

The narrow lumens of the elongated dentinal tubules are occupied by (X) cell processes.

X = odontoblast

T/F: the entire outside surface of dentin is covered by mineralized tissue.

True (enamel covers crown, cementum covers root)

What's the cervical margin of the tooth?

Where cementum and enamel meet

Despite the bone-like character of (dentin/cementum), it has no (X).

Cementum; | X = blood vessels

T/F: Cementum has empty lacuna.

True - cementocyte leaves lacuna empty when it dies

Sharpey's fibers, composed of (X) bundles, originate/extend from the (Y) into:

``` X = collagenous fiber Y = periodontal ligament ``` Cementum (and into dentin) on one side; alveolar bone on the other

Histologically: what are the three portions of the lip?

1. Cutaneous 2. Vermilion border 3. Oral mucosa

Lip: transitional, dry red portion is called (X) and recognized by:

X = vermilion border Flaky, thinned, keratinized epithelium