YS: ETHNICITY Flashcards

1
Q

How are the mods linked to cultural hybridity?

A

Seen as imitating the ‘cool’ styles of West Indians and gained their influence through soul music.

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2
Q

How are skinheads linked to ethnicity?

A

Gained a reputation for being racist and resisting against immigration.

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3
Q

What did Nayak call white working-class youths who were influenced by black music and fashion?

A

‘White wannabes.’

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4
Q

What can white rappers be seen to represent?

A

Cultural hybridity.

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5
Q

What did Hebidge see Rastafarianism as a form of?

A

Rastafarianism and reggae culture were seen as a form of resistance to white culture and racism with roots in the relations of slavery.

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6
Q

What is Brasian culture?

A

Refers to a subculture of some young British Asians, which is a fusion between British and Asian culture.

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7
Q

What does Johal state about Brasian culture?

A

Suggests that some British Asians adopted a ‘hyper-ethnic’ style, an exaggerated form of their parents culture.

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8
Q

What does Brasian culture show in comparison to Rastafarianism?

A

Brasians show evidence of hybridity, whereas, Rastafarianism is seen as a form of resistance.

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9
Q

How does Mercer describe the meaning behind hair in black culture?

A

Discusses the styling of hair within black culture, and its symbolic meaning. For example, afro and dreadlock can be seen as emphasising identification.

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10
Q

What is a criticism of the functionalist perspective?

A

Ethnocentric and do not consider the impact of ethnicity and race on youth subcultures.

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11
Q

What are modern primitives?

A

A subculture found in the US and parts of Western Europe, who are a prime example of ‘Neo-tribes’. Form of expression around body modifications e.g. tattoos.

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12
Q

What do Vale and Juno state about modern pirmitives?

A

That the body modification undertaken is a reaction to the sense of powerlessness which some sense of power and control can be regained.

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13
Q

How can hybridity in youth subcultures be seen as a positive?

A

Leading to more mixing and understanding between different groups as a form of ‘cultural exchange’.

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14
Q

What can be a negative of cultural exchange within youth subcultures?

A

Lead to cultural appropriation.

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