SOCIALISATION Flashcards

1
Q

What is the nature/nurture debate?

A

What makes a person the way they are? Genes or upbringing?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Give an example of a study used in the nature/nurture debate?

A

Oxana Malaya.

Left in the kennel with the family dogs, and was seen to walk on all-fours and displayed ‘dog-like’ behaviour.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does the Bruce and Brian Reimer study show about the nature/nurture argument?

A

Bruce’s penis was destroyed in a circumcision operation, thus, Bruce was raised as a girl. Bruce (Brenda) was so unhappy that at the age of 13 they attempted suicide.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is socialisation?

A

The process by which an individual learns the norms and values of society.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is primary socialisation?

A

The first and most important stage of learning.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is secondary socialisation?

A

Continuation of the primary socialisation process.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the key agents of primary and secondary socialisation?

A

Primary: Family.
Secondary: Media, education, religion, peer group, workplace.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What do children learn from their parents in primary socialisation?

A

What is acceptable and unacceptable by a process of trial and error. Their parents will apply sanctions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Lees - secondary socialisation.

A

Looked at the pressure put on teenage girls by peers and the double standards applied to girls and boys.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Harris - socialisation.

A

Looked at the comparative influence of parents and peer groups, concluding that the peer group can be more influential.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is social control?

A

The ways through which our behaviour is controlled and reinforced by sanctions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are some examples of formal social control?

A

The police, courts, criminal justice system, the government and the military.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is not traditionally seen as an agent of formal social control?

A

Education, as it has legal requirements such as attendance and behavioural codes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are two examples of sanctions used by formal mechanisms of social control?

A
  • Warnings from the police.

- Exclusion from school.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is informal social control?

A

Controls our behaviour more subtly - they would include peer group, education, religion, workplace etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Give two sanctions that may be used by informal mechanisms of social control.

A
  • Socially excluding a person from a peer group.

- Being passed over for promotion at work.

17
Q

What is the important thing to note with informal social control?

A

May be less obvious, but it is just as powerful in influencing our behaviour as formal control, more so in some cases.

18
Q

What does Young state about media and socialisation? What may this lead to?

A

A ‘bulimic society’ in which people are left with a constant hunger and desire to binge on everything and anything.

19
Q

What do Modood and Berthoud state about religion as a form of socialisation?

A

Surveyed young people and found that 67% of Pakistanis and Bangladeshis saw religion as ‘very important’ compared to 5% for white British.

20
Q

Waddington - workplace.

A

Used the term ‘canteen culture’ to describe the set of norms and values that people are socialised into in a workplace.