YS: DEVIANCE

Question 1

What are the five types of deviant youth subcultures?

Answer 1

1. Delinquent subcultures.
2. Criminal subcultures.
3. Gangs.
4. Spectacular youth subcultures.
5. Anti-school subcultures.

Question 2

What did ASBOs find about anti-social behaviour in youths in 2012?

Answer 2

Young people aged 10-17 years accounted for 37% of Anti-Social Behaviour Orders issued in 2012.

Question 3

What do police recorded crime rates suggest about class and youth deviance?

Answer 3

Official measures of crime: Youths from working-class backgrounds are much more likely to become involved in criminality.

Question 4

What did Jacobson find about youth deviance and disadvantaged backgrounds?

Answer 4

Multiple disadvantages and complexities were found in the majority of the 200 children and young people in custody they sampled.

Question 5

How many of the 200 youths studied by Jacobson had absent fathers, had lived in a deprived household and had to run away from home at some point?

Answer 5

• Absent father: 3/4
• Deprivation: 1/2
• Run away: just under 1/2

Question 6

What did Farrington find in the Cambridge Study was the key predictor of future criminality?

Answer 6

On a sample of 400 men it was clear that socio-economic deprivation was a key predictor of future criminality.

Question 7

What does home office data show about gender in youth crime?

Answer 7

Young men aged 10-17 years were found to be responsible for 20% of all police recorded crime in 2009/10. Whereas, for girls it was 4%.

Question 8

What are the peak ages for criminality in boys and girls according to official crime data?

Answer 8

Girls: aged 15.
Boys: aged 18.
Girls offending rates tend to drop off after this.

Question 9

What does home office statistics show about young people from black ethnic backgrounds in crime?

Answer 9

Accounted for 21% of young people in custody in 2012/13.

Question 10

How much more are young black males stopped as searched compared to their white counterparts according to the home office?

Answer 10

7 times more in 2009/10.

Question 11

How much of the population do Asians make up? How much of the prison population and stops and searches?

Answer 11

Make up 5.6% of population.

9. 6% of stops and search.
10. 1% of prison population.

Question 12

What do Lea and Young argue that statistics often miss out with ethnicity in relation to crime?

Answer 12

Miss out the most important point that most UK crime is ‘intra-racial’ meaning it takes place within ethnic communities.