CULTURE, NORMS & VALUES Flashcards

1
Q

How do sociologists define culture?

A

The entire way of life of a particular society. Whole system of behaviour and beliefs of a society or group.

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2
Q

What does culture mean for the Harmar Tribe in Ethiopia? Give an example.

A

Culture is rich in ceremony and ritual.

To reach adulthood, Harmar males must perform a ceremony where they leap onto the backs of cattle.

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3
Q

What are values?

A

Beliefs and ideas that society sees as important, and that are accepted by the majority of society.

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4
Q

What are norms?

A

Expected patterns of behaviour that are based on the values of a culture.

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5
Q

Give some examples of values.

A

Educational achievement, obedience, respect, conformity, knowledge etc.

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6
Q

Give some examples of norms.

A

Listen, punctuality, ask and answer questions, try your best, do homework. Would all be normalised in an educational institution.

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7
Q

Who studied the Tchabuli tribe?

A

Mead.

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8
Q

How are norms and values linked?

A

The reason we perform certain behaviour is because we hold certain beliefs.

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9
Q

What is meant by the proposition that all norms and values are ‘relative’?

A

They are not fixed, and are not the same for all people and in all situations.

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10
Q

What is meant by cultural diversity?

A

Refers to the differences and variety found in societies.

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11
Q

What is meant by the UK being culturally diverse?

A

Variety of norms and values within UK culture: ‘intercultural diversity’.

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12
Q

What is a subculture?

A

‘A culture within a culture’.

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13
Q

What is cultural hybridity?

A

When cultures merge. UK culture is often described as hybrid because it contains aspects of English, Scottish, Welsh and Northern Irish culture.

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14
Q

What is high culture?

A

Refers to cultural products and activities that are seen to have a very high status.

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15
Q

Give some examples of high culture.

A

Shakespearean plays, classical music, opera, ballet and art.

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16
Q

What is popular culture?

A

Refers to cultural products and activities that are enjoyed by majority of the population.

17
Q

Why do some feel that popular culture is manufactured?

A

See it as a form of brainwashing or ‘dumbing down’ of the masses.

18
Q

What is consumer culture?

A

A result of the increasing availability of, and emphasis on, the consumption of goods and services.

19
Q

What is the issue with excessive consumption?

A

Excessive consumption and the debt created by it is accepted by society and regarded as ‘normal’.

20
Q

What is global culture?

A

The growing trend of cultural products and activities becoming ‘universal’.

21
Q

What is global culture linked to?

A

Globalisation - the process by which the world becomes more interconnected, and activities in different countries influence each other.

22
Q

Cultural Hybridity & Subculture - 3 sociologists.

A

Vale & Juno
Hebidge
Johal

23
Q

Hutniyk - consumer culture and subculture

A

Western subcultures strip meaning from cultural symbols.

24
Q

High Culture - sociologist

A

MacIntosh and Mooney - ‘social closure’.

25
Q

Global Culture - McLewin

A

‘Global Village’.

26
Q

Consumer Culture - Pauliski and Waters

A

Shift from production to consumption in the definitions of our identity.