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YOU'VE GOT THIS Flashcards

1
Q

Initial agent used to clean a noninfected wound

A

Sterile saline

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2
Q

Shallow crater with a moist wound bed is characteristic of what stage pressure injury

A

stage 2

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3
Q

An intact blister with a boggy feel is characteristic of what stage pressure injury

A

Stage 2

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4
Q

Common s/s of dermatitis

A 
Lack of fever
Itching
Normal temp of LEs
Inflammation
Tender to touch
Presence of vesicles and crusting
Unilat or Bilat
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5
Q

Common s/s of cellulitis

A 
Fever
Elevated temp of LEs
Erythema
Inflammation
Tenderness
Unilateral distribution
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6
Q

Atrophie blanche

A

White, scar like areas associated with pain at rest and when standing
Affected areas present as smooth white plaques

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7
Q

Superficial venous thrombosis is characterized by

A

Pain and tenderness along the affected vein - usually the saphenous vein

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8
Q

Hydrofibers are used for moist or dry wounds?

A

They are used with wounds that have heavy exudate `

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9
Q

Dry wound would best be autolytically debrided using what

A

Transparent film dressing

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10
Q

Foam dressing - used for dry or moist

A

Best used for a moist, draining wound

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11
Q

Pacinian corpuscles are responsible for what

A

Vibration and pressure sense

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12
Q

Krause end bulbs are responsible for what

A

cold sense

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13
Q

Free nerve endings are sensitive to what

A

pain and itch

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14
Q

GTOs are sensitive to

A

mm contraction force

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15
Q

Wound on plantar aspect of foot is not healing with 2 months of conservative care - what can be done to promote healing?

A

Need to off load the plantar foot

Total contact casting is the accepted standard for off loading pressure areas on plantar surface of foot

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16
Q

Dark, raised spot that bleeds with minimal contact- sounds like

A

Malignant melanoma

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17
Q

Redness, scaling, and edema of the skin sounds like

A

contact dermatitis

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18
Q

Red, fluid filled vesicles that vary in size sounds like

A

Herpes zoster

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19
Q

Ring shaped pigmented patches covered with scales sounds like

A

Ringworm - or tinea corporis

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20
Q

RUQ pain and radiates to the upper back (maybe the scapula, right shoulder, or neck area)

A

Gallbladder

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21
Q

Functional incontinence

A

Occurs in people who have normal urine control but who have difficulty reaching a toilet in time because of mm or joint dysfunction

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22
Q

Stress incontinence

A

Is loss of urine during activities that increase intraabdominal pressure such as coughing, lifting, or laughing

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23
Q

Urge incontinence

A

Sudden, unexpected urge to urinate and the uncontrolled loss of urine
Often related to bladder capacity or detrusor instability

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24
Q

Overflow incontinence

A

Constant leaking of urine from a bladder that is full but unable to empty

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25
Q

Normal micturation requires what

A

Contraction of detrusor

Relaxation of pelvic floor

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26
Q

Hernia repair - walking

A

Walking is encouraged within the first week

MET of 3 (speed of about 2.6 mph)

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27
Q

Hernia repair - avoid straining for how long

A

4-6 weeks

28
Q

s/s of bradycardia, constipation, cold intolerance

A

HYPOthyroidism

29
Q

Cortisol and menstrual function

A

Increased cortisol can lead to menstrual dysfunction

Elevated cortisol suppresses GnRH which suppresses LH and FSH

30
Q

FSH and menstruation

A

Low levels of FSH will result in menstrual dysfunction

31
Q

Optimal exercise duration for achieving weight loss with a walking program is what

A

30-60 min of continuous aerobic activity

32
Q

CO - pregnancy

A

Increases 30-60%

33
Q

Oxygen consumption - pregnancy

A

increases 15-20%

34
Q

RR - pregnancy

A

No change

35
Q

HR - pregnancy

A

Increases

36
Q

Neck stiffness after hiking trip and red rash with partial central clearing = indicative of

A

Lyme disease

37
Q

Most common metastatic sites for breast cancer

A

Lungs and bones

38
Q

Opioids and exercise

A

Slow RR and induce relative hypoxia and hypercapnia

RR may be blunted with exercise

39
Q

Piriformis performs

A

Abduction and ER

40
Q

An acute burn produces what

A 
Hypermetabolism
Can result in increased oxygen consumption
Increased minute ventilation 
Increased core temp 
Fluids are all diminished
41
Q

Endothelial cells are most active in what phase of wound healing

A

Proliferative/Fibroblastic

42
Q

Fibroblasts are most active in what phase of wound healing?

A

Proliferative/Fibrobalstic

43
Q

Fibroblastic activity is facilitated by

A

Macrophages

44
Q

Leukocytes are most active during what phase of wound healing

A

Inflammatory phase

45
Q

Leukocytes arrive at the wound site in response to what

A

In response to the coagulation cascade

They arrive at the wound site after the platelets

46
Q

Platelets are most active in what phase of wound healing

A

Hemostasis phase
They are the first cells to arrive at the wound site
They attach to exposed collagen at the injury site and release chemicals that attract more platelets - collectively the platelets form a platelet plug to temporarily stop the bleeding

47
Q

Silver sulfadiazine works in what way

A

Topical antibiotic that interferes with bacterial nucleic acid production by disrupting folic acid synthesis
Broad spectrum agent

48
Q

Problems that may arise with use of silver sulfadiazine

A

GI distress
allergic reactions
Sulfa drugs can also produce a decrease in the number of WBCs

49
Q

Hypercalcemia and norm

A

Norm is 8.4-10.2

Too much is often associated with hyperparathyroidism

50
Q

Hypercalcemia s/s

A

Constipation
Pain
Nausea
Vomiting

51
Q

Hyperkalemia and norm

A

Norm is 3.5 - 5
Levels higher than 7 have significant hemodynamic and neuro consequences
Over 8.5 can cause resp paralysis or cardiac arrest

52
Q

Hypermagnesemia and norm

A

Normal is 1.5 - 2

Hyper is rare because kidneys can excrete - renal failure is most common cause for it

53
Q

Hypernatremia and norm

A

Norm is 135-145
Most often cause is dehydration
Primary symptom is thirst

54
Q

Tardive dyskinesia is what

A

An extrapyramidal adverse effect that can routinely occur with administration of neuroleptic (antipsychotic) meds
Presents with involuntary and fragmented choreoathetoid mvmnts
Tongue, mouth, jaw are often involved

55
Q

Two examples of antipsychotic meds that cause tardive dyskinesia

A

Haldol

Thorazine

56
Q

Diverticulitis - where pain

A

LLQ

57
Q

Peptic ulcer - where pain

A

epigastic

58
Q

Pancreatitis - where pain

A

epigastric

59
Q

Cardiac arrythmias - hyper or hypo parathyroidism?

A

Hypoparathyroidism can lead to cardiac arrhythmias

60
Q

OP - hyper or hypoparathyroidism

A

Hyperparathyroidism can lead to OP due to the demineralization of bones due to increased secretion of PTH and subsequent loss of bone density and strength

61
Q

Muscle spasms - hyper or hypo parathyroidism

A

Hypor PTH

62
Q

Dermatitis - warm to touch

A

Nope

63
Q

Cellulitis - breast cancer

A

Common post operative complication of surgical breast cancer tx
Tends to develop where skin protective barrier of lymphatic flow have been disrupted

64
Q

Mastitis is what

A

infection of fatty breast tissue typically associated with breast feeding
Painful lumps within the breast tissue

65
Q

Erysipelas characteristics

A

Form of cellulitis caused by strep bacteria
Skin is warm and tender
Defined borders in appearance and bright red

Boards sheet (13 decks)

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