BE POSITIVE Flashcards
Glossopharyngeal breathing is used for who
People with weakness of the muscles of inspiration
Like a high cervical SCI
Prime mover in scapular elevation and upward rotation
Upper trap is prime mover!
Prime mover in shoulder retraction and elevation and downward rotation
Rhomboids
Best couple for rotating scapular upward
Upper trap and SA
Upper trap pulls up
Lower SA pulls out
Lower trap function
Depress and upwardly rotate the scap
Tenderness with palpation
Painful arc with PROM
Protective mm spasms
Empty end feel
ACUTE bursitis
Volkmann ischemic contracture is what
A nerve injury resulting from the compressions of fluid, producing a deformed limb
Thrombophlebitis of saphenous vein would produce what s/s
Generalized leg pain
Swelling
Increased temp
Bluish discoloration
Anterior compartment syndrome - presentation
Blunt trauma is cause
Presents with sensory deficits like numbness, tngling, coolness of exremity
What can be done to reduce thickness of hypertrophic scar
Pressure garments worn 23 hrs/day
Clasp knife occurs as a result of injury to waht
Descending motor pathways from cortex or brainstem
Cogwheel resistance to passive ROM results from lesions of the
BG
Also see tremors with BG issue
Neurapraxia =
Blockage that stops or slows conduction
Recovery is possible
Axonotmesis =
Neural tube is intact
Axonal damage has occured and wallerian degeneration
May need surgical intervention
Neurotmesis involves what
Total loss of axonal function
Disruption of neural tube
Surgery usually required
What happens when using intermittent pneumatic compression during the inflation (compression) phase to arterial flow, venous flow and lymphatic pressure
Increase in interstitial pressure and venous blood flow
During compression - arterial flow is reduced, but venous and lymphatic are increased
Tight anterior capsule limits IR or ER
ER
Tight posterior capsule limits IR or ER
IR
Infraspinatus and __ action
Teres MINOR!
ER
Liver dysfunction ss
Jaundice Dark urine Clay colored stool Easy bruising Right shoulder pain
Pancreatic dysfunction - which shoulder
Left shoulder
Hinged knee brace- commonly used with
MCL or LCL injuries
Thrust unloader brace is used for what
OA to unload the medial femoral and tibial condyles
Infrapatellar strap is used for
Patellar tendonitis in absence of patellar tracking problem
Resistance training programs - frequency
2 to 3 days between session to allow for recovery
3 days/wk
Running phase most likely to aggravate hamstring injury (which part of gait)
Deceleration (terminal swing)
Cx eccentrically
Anterior tilting of the scapula is caused by tightness of what muscle
Pec minor!
Exertional compartment syndrome - s/s
Subjective = leg pain
Dec sensation after exertion
Paresthesias
Stress fx - important to assess what
Vibration and percussion testing
Stress fx = s/s
Insidious onset of pain that correlates with change in equip or training
Localized bony tenderness
Palpable periosteal thickening
Pain at fx site with percussion or vibration at distance from fx
Test for upper abdominal strength
Pt supine - if hip flexors are short and prevent post tilt - add a towel under knees to passively flex hips enough for back to be flat
Arm position is clasped behind head for highest grade
DO NOT hold feet to stabilize (would allow hip flexors to help)
Have pt do slow trunk curl
If can’t with arms clasped behind head, crossed chest is next, and then reaching forward
GERD - what sleeping position is recommended for nocturnal reflux
Sleep on left side with pillow to maintain this position
Lower esophagus bends to the left so reflux can be minimized
Can also use pillows to elevate head
Supine with hips and knees flexed to 90
Deep palpation in RLQ produces pain - what do you think
Iliopsoas mm dysfunction is possible
Superficial partial thickness burn characteristics
Wt with shiny weeping surface
Mottled red in color
Blisters
Creep =
Permanent deformation of tissue through application of a low magnitude load over a long period of time
Dynamic splint will allow this
Postural draininage - sitting leaned back on pillow at a 30 deg angle
Apical segments of upper lobes
Postural drainage - supine with pillow under knees
Anterior segment of upper lobes
Postural drainage - prone over pillows with feet elevated 20 inches
Bilateral posterior lungs
Postural draininage - head down on the right side
Left lingular segment
Pt with brainstem infarct resulting in left lateral meduallary syndrome =
Loss of pain and temp in R side of body
Corticospinal fibers that supply motor activity are located where
Anteromedial aspect of the entire brainstem
CN signs on one side with other deficits (sensory or motor) in body is clear sign of ___ dysfunction
Brainstem
Strengthen glut med with
Abduction
Extension
ER
Pupillary reflex - which CN
Oculomotor
Trochlear (4) would lead to deficits in looking where
Inferomedially
LR6SO4
S/S of UTI in someone with SCI
Spasticity inc
Fever
Can refer pain to shoulder
Fibroma and Chondroma
Benign of CT
Fibrosarcoma and Chondrosarcoma
Malignant of CT
Papilloma and Adenoma
Benign of epithelial tissue
Adenocarcinoma and Basal cell carcinoma
Malignant of epithelial tissue
GMFM - validated for
Sensitivity to change in those with CP ages 5 months to 16 yrs
Manual lymph drainage and pregnancy
Contraindicated during first months but can be beneficial later to manage edema
Manual lymph drainage and acute DVT
CONTRAINDICATED!
Actinomycosis = what is it and s/s
Fungal infection
Chest pain, dyspnea, fatigue, fever
Osteomalacia = s/s
Painful mm weakness, bone pain and tenderness
Alkaline phosphatase is an __
enzyme produced by bone cells
Active osteoclasts leads to
elevated alkaline phosphatase
Septic arthritis s/s
Rapid onset (hrs or days) Monoarthritis with a joint that is swollen, red, tender and warm with limited ROM due to pain
Inc alkaline phsophatase with local edema, heat, and erythema is indicative of
Heterotopic ossification
ectopic bone formation
Head lag with pull to sit test - normal until when
Normal from birth to 3 months
Cheyne stokes breathing =
breathing that waxes and wanes cyclically so that periods of deep breathing alternate with periods of apnea
Subscap =
IR
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
ER
Teres major
IR
Cervical hyperextension injury that caused bleeding into central gray matter of lower cervical spinal cord =
Central cord syndrome!
Central cord injury - LEs involved?
LEs are often spared
UEs are often affected more
Central cord injury - functional level
77% can ambulate
42% will attain hand function
Normally some distal arm weakness
A sensory nerve conduction test measures what
Distal component of a peripheral nerve
Does NOE detect lesions proximal to DRG
EMG changes with only sensory root injury
NONE!
Initial exercise for obese indivudals - what is recommended
40-60% max HR
Eventually progress to higher intensitiies of 50-75%
Freq 5-7 days/wk
Duration of 45-60 min
Osgood Schlatter disease is common in who
skeletally immature individuals
Pain is over the tibial tubercle
Bipartite patella is what
Common in childhood
Often bilateraly
Manifest in p and tenderness at distal pole of patella
Infrapatellar tendonitis is associated with what
Eccentric overloading during deceleration activities and repeated jumping and landing
Stress fracture of the patella would present as what
discomfort and point tenderness at the patella and pt would not be able to extend the knee
Ankylosing spondylitis = lung values
Decreased TLC, VC, and inspiratory muscle function
THey have chest wall rigidity - incentive spirometry is good
Symptoms of reiter syndrome
Urethritis
Conjunctivits
Arthiritis
Mob to increase subtalar inversion
Moving the calcaneus laterally
Mob to increase subtalar eversion
Medial glide of the calcaneus
Upper trunk of brachial plexus
C5 and C6
Middle trunk of brachial plexus
C7
Inferior trunk of brachial plexus
C8 and T1
Lateral epidcodylitis - which mm
ECRB
A pt is at moderate risk for increased morbidity and mortality if functional capacity is less than ___ METs 3 or more wks after clinical event
Lower than 5-6 METs puts them at risk
Anterior glide of the tibia on the femur is to increase
knee extension
Knee extension mob would help what phase of gait
Heel off
We need 0 deg of knee ext for normal function
Knee angle in foot flat phase (loading response)
15 deg
Knee angle in toe off phase of gait
40 deg
Knee achieves how many deg of flex during swing phase
25 deg
Prostate gland provides mechanical support to what
Urethra! Between the bladder neck and the penis
Prostatectomy can lead to urinary incontinence for up to 6 wks - why
Urethra loses support from prostate gland
Deep partial thickness burn - appears how
Mixed red or waxy white color
Surface is wet from BROKEN blisters and marked edema is hallmark sign
Superficial partial thickness burn -a ppears
INTACT blisters
Might be pink, red, or mottled red
Full thicknes burn is characterized by what
Hard, parchment like eschar covering the area
Color can be white, charred, tan, mahogany, balck, or red
Eschar is associated with
Desiccation (extreme drying)
Using foam will NOT prevent eschar formation and might promote further desiccation
Foam dressing and desiccation
Foam dressings are likely to cause desiccation
Underlying vascular (arterial or venous) disease s/s
Dry scaly skin
Hair loss
Color changes
Shiny skin = arterial or venous
Arterial
What mm is spared with steroid induced myopathy
Distal until late stages
Trunk is also not until late progression
Often first reports are diff with climbing stairs
Pulse duration - comfort
Longer pulse duration when larger mm being stimulated is more comfortable
Midstance requires what ankle motion
3 deg of DF
If both UE off limits for BP then what
Thigh is appropriate - popliteal artery
Complete decongestive therapy consists of what
Restoration of the skin with follow up skin care
Manual lymph drainage
Compression therapy
Decongestive exercise therpay
Heat, swelling, erythema and tenderness at fracture site can be a sign of what
nonunion fracture
