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Boards sheet > BE POSITIVE > Flashcards

BE POSITIVE Flashcards

1
Q

Glossopharyngeal breathing is used for who

A

People with weakness of the muscles of inspiration

Like a high cervical SCI

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2
Q

Prime mover in scapular elevation and upward rotation

A

Upper trap is prime mover!

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3
Q

Prime mover in shoulder retraction and elevation and downward rotation

A

Rhomboids

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4
Q

Best couple for rotating scapular upward

A

Upper trap and SA
Upper trap pulls up
Lower SA pulls out

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5
Q

Lower trap function

A

Depress and upwardly rotate the scap

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6
Q

Tenderness with palpation
Painful arc with PROM
Protective mm spasms
Empty end feel

A

ACUTE bursitis

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7
Q

Volkmann ischemic contracture is what

A

A nerve injury resulting from the compressions of fluid, producing a deformed limb

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8
Q

Thrombophlebitis of saphenous vein would produce what s/s

A

Generalized leg pain
Swelling
Increased temp
Bluish discoloration

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9
Q

Anterior compartment syndrome - presentation

A

Blunt trauma is cause

Presents with sensory deficits like numbness, tngling, coolness of exremity

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10
Q

What can be done to reduce thickness of hypertrophic scar

A

Pressure garments worn 23 hrs/day

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11
Q

Clasp knife occurs as a result of injury to waht

A

Descending motor pathways from cortex or brainstem

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12
Q

Cogwheel resistance to passive ROM results from lesions of the

A

BG

Also see tremors with BG issue

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13
Q

Neurapraxia =

A

Blockage that stops or slows conduction

Recovery is possible

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14
Q

Axonotmesis =

A

Neural tube is intact
Axonal damage has occured and wallerian degeneration
May need surgical intervention

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15
Q

Neurotmesis involves what

A

Total loss of axonal function
Disruption of neural tube
Surgery usually required

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16
Q

What happens when using intermittent pneumatic compression during the inflation (compression) phase to arterial flow, venous flow and lymphatic pressure

A

Increase in interstitial pressure and venous blood flow

During compression - arterial flow is reduced, but venous and lymphatic are increased

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17
Q

Tight anterior capsule limits IR or ER

A

ER

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18
Q

Tight posterior capsule limits IR or ER

A

IR

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19
Q

Infraspinatus and __ action

A

Teres MINOR!

ER

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20
Q

Liver dysfunction ss

A 
Jaundice
Dark urine
Clay colored stool
Easy bruising 
Right shoulder pain
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21
Q

Pancreatic dysfunction - which shoulder

A

Left shoulder

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22
Q

Hinged knee brace- commonly used with

A

MCL or LCL injuries

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23
Q

Thrust unloader brace is used for what

A

OA to unload the medial femoral and tibial condyles

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24
Q

Infrapatellar strap is used for

A

Patellar tendonitis in absence of patellar tracking problem

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25
Q

Resistance training programs - frequency

A

2 to 3 days between session to allow for recovery

3 days/wk

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26
Q

Running phase most likely to aggravate hamstring injury (which part of gait)

A

Deceleration (terminal swing)

Cx eccentrically

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27
Q

Anterior tilting of the scapula is caused by tightness of what muscle

A

Pec minor!

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28
Q

Exertional compartment syndrome - s/s

A

Subjective = leg pain
Dec sensation after exertion
Paresthesias

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29
Q

Stress fx - important to assess what

A

Vibration and percussion testing

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30
Q

Stress fx = s/s

A

Insidious onset of pain that correlates with change in equip or training
Localized bony tenderness
Palpable periosteal thickening
Pain at fx site with percussion or vibration at distance from fx

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31
Q

Test for upper abdominal strength

A

Pt supine - if hip flexors are short and prevent post tilt - add a towel under knees to passively flex hips enough for back to be flat
Arm position is clasped behind head for highest grade
DO NOT hold feet to stabilize (would allow hip flexors to help)
Have pt do slow trunk curl
If can’t with arms clasped behind head, crossed chest is next, and then reaching forward

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32
Q

GERD - what sleeping position is recommended for nocturnal reflux

A

Sleep on left side with pillow to maintain this position
Lower esophagus bends to the left so reflux can be minimized
Can also use pillows to elevate head

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33
Q

Supine with hips and knees flexed to 90

Deep palpation in RLQ produces pain - what do you think

A

Iliopsoas mm dysfunction is possible

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34
Q

Superficial partial thickness burn characteristics

A

Wt with shiny weeping surface
Mottled red in color
Blisters

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35
Q

Creep =

A

Permanent deformation of tissue through application of a low magnitude load over a long period of time
Dynamic splint will allow this

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36
Q

Postural draininage - sitting leaned back on pillow at a 30 deg angle

A

Apical segments of upper lobes

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37
Q

Postural drainage - supine with pillow under knees

A

Anterior segment of upper lobes

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38
Q

Postural drainage - prone over pillows with feet elevated 20 inches

A

Bilateral posterior lungs

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39
Q

Postural draininage - head down on the right side

A

Left lingular segment

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40
Q

Pt with brainstem infarct resulting in left lateral meduallary syndrome =

A

Loss of pain and temp in R side of body

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41
Q

Corticospinal fibers that supply motor activity are located where

A

Anteromedial aspect of the entire brainstem

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42
Q

CN signs on one side with other deficits (sensory or motor) in body is clear sign of ___ dysfunction

A

Brainstem

43
Q

Strengthen glut med with

A

Abduction
Extension
ER

44
Q

Pupillary reflex - which CN

A

Oculomotor

45
Q

Trochlear (4) would lead to deficits in looking where

A

Inferomedially

LR6SO4

46
Q

S/S of UTI in someone with SCI

A

Spasticity inc
Fever
Can refer pain to shoulder

47
Q

Fibroma and Chondroma

A

Benign of CT

48
Q

Fibrosarcoma and Chondrosarcoma

A

Malignant of CT

49
Q

Papilloma and Adenoma

A

Benign of epithelial tissue

50
Q

Adenocarcinoma and Basal cell carcinoma

A

Malignant of epithelial tissue

51
Q

GMFM - validated for

A

Sensitivity to change in those with CP ages 5 months to 16 yrs

52
Q

Manual lymph drainage and pregnancy

A

Contraindicated during first months but can be beneficial later to manage edema

53
Q

Manual lymph drainage and acute DVT

A

CONTRAINDICATED!

54
Q

Actinomycosis = what is it and s/s

A

Fungal infection

Chest pain, dyspnea, fatigue, fever

55
Q

Osteomalacia = s/s

A

Painful mm weakness, bone pain and tenderness

56
Q

Alkaline phosphatase is an __

A

enzyme produced by bone cells

57
Q

Active osteoclasts leads to

A

elevated alkaline phosphatase

58
Q

Septic arthritis s/s

A 
Rapid onset (hrs or days)
Monoarthritis with a joint that is swollen, red, tender and warm with limited ROM due to pain
59
Q

Inc alkaline phsophatase with local edema, heat, and erythema is indicative of

A

Heterotopic ossification

ectopic bone formation

60
Q

Head lag with pull to sit test - normal until when

A

Normal from birth to 3 months

61
Q

Cheyne stokes breathing =

A

breathing that waxes and wanes cyclically so that periods of deep breathing alternate with periods of apnea

62
Q

Subscap =

A

IR

63
Q

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor

A

ER

64
Q

Teres major

A

IR

65
Q

Cervical hyperextension injury that caused bleeding into central gray matter of lower cervical spinal cord =

A

Central cord syndrome!

66
Q

Central cord injury - LEs involved?

A

LEs are often spared

UEs are often affected more

67
Q

Central cord injury - functional level

A

77% can ambulate
42% will attain hand function
Normally some distal arm weakness

68
Q

A sensory nerve conduction test measures what

A

Distal component of a peripheral nerve

Does NOE detect lesions proximal to DRG

69
Q

EMG changes with only sensory root injury

A

NONE!

70
Q

Initial exercise for obese indivudals - what is recommended

A

40-60% max HR
Eventually progress to higher intensitiies of 50-75%
Freq 5-7 days/wk
Duration of 45-60 min

71
Q

Osgood Schlatter disease is common in who

A

skeletally immature individuals

Pain is over the tibial tubercle

72
Q

Bipartite patella is what

A

Common in childhood
Often bilateraly
Manifest in p and tenderness at distal pole of patella

73
Q

Infrapatellar tendonitis is associated with what

A

Eccentric overloading during deceleration activities and repeated jumping and landing

74
Q

Stress fracture of the patella would present as what

A

discomfort and point tenderness at the patella and pt would not be able to extend the knee

75
Q

Ankylosing spondylitis = lung values

A

Decreased TLC, VC, and inspiratory muscle function

THey have chest wall rigidity - incentive spirometry is good

76
Q

Symptoms of reiter syndrome

A

Urethritis
Conjunctivits
Arthiritis

77
Q

Mob to increase subtalar inversion

A

Moving the calcaneus laterally

78
Q

Mob to increase subtalar eversion

A

Medial glide of the calcaneus

79
Q

Upper trunk of brachial plexus

A

C5 and C6

80
Q

Middle trunk of brachial plexus

A

C7

81
Q

Inferior trunk of brachial plexus

A

C8 and T1

82
Q

Lateral epidcodylitis - which mm

A

ECRB

83
Q

A pt is at moderate risk for increased morbidity and mortality if functional capacity is less than ___ METs 3 or more wks after clinical event

A

Lower than 5-6 METs puts them at risk

84
Q

Anterior glide of the tibia on the femur is to increase

A

knee extension

85
Q

Knee extension mob would help what phase of gait

A

Heel off

We need 0 deg of knee ext for normal function

86
Q

Knee angle in foot flat phase (loading response)

A

15 deg

87
Q

Knee angle in toe off phase of gait

A

40 deg

88
Q

Knee achieves how many deg of flex during swing phase

A

25 deg

89
Q

Prostate gland provides mechanical support to what

A

Urethra! Between the bladder neck and the penis

90
Q

Prostatectomy can lead to urinary incontinence for up to 6 wks - why

A

Urethra loses support from prostate gland

91
Q

Deep partial thickness burn - appears how

A

Mixed red or waxy white color

Surface is wet from BROKEN blisters and marked edema is hallmark sign

92
Q

Superficial partial thickness burn -a ppears

A

INTACT blisters

Might be pink, red, or mottled red

93
Q

Full thicknes burn is characterized by what

A

Hard, parchment like eschar covering the area

Color can be white, charred, tan, mahogany, balck, or red

94
Q

Eschar is associated with

A

Desiccation (extreme drying)

Using foam will NOT prevent eschar formation and might promote further desiccation

95
Q

Foam dressing and desiccation

A

Foam dressings are likely to cause desiccation

96
Q

Underlying vascular (arterial or venous) disease s/s

A

Dry scaly skin
Hair loss
Color changes

97
Q

Shiny skin = arterial or venous

A

Arterial

98
Q

What mm is spared with steroid induced myopathy

A

Distal until late stages
Trunk is also not until late progression
Often first reports are diff with climbing stairs

99
Q

Pulse duration - comfort

A

Longer pulse duration when larger mm being stimulated is more comfortable

100
Q

Midstance requires what ankle motion

A

3 deg of DF

101
Q

If both UE off limits for BP then what

A

Thigh is appropriate - popliteal artery

102
Q

Complete decongestive therapy consists of what

A

Restoration of the skin with follow up skin care
Manual lymph drainage
Compression therapy
Decongestive exercise therpay

103
Q

Heat, swelling, erythema and tenderness at fracture site can be a sign of what

A

nonunion fracture

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