SO CLOSE! Flashcards
s/s of exercise intolerance among those undergoing cardiac rehab
Persistent dyspnea
Dizziness
Anginal pain
Sudden weight gain
Systolic - reason to terminate exercise
drop of 20 mmHg or more
Mode of action for beta blcokers
Dec HR
Dec contractility
Dec BP
Dec oxygen demand
Mode of action for ACE inhibitors
Reduce peripheral vascular resistance
Increase venous capacitance
Classic s/s of heart failure
peripheral pitting edema weight gain jugular vein distention diminished appetite RUQ discomfort Ventricular gallop (S3) dyspnea paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
Clinical manifestations of arterial disease
Pain Pallor Paralysis Hair loss Thin, shiny skin
Clinical manifestations of venous insufficiency
Edema
Hemosiderin staining
Normal arterial pulses
Sounds between S1 and S2 are called
Systolic murmurs
Sounds between S2 and S1 are called
Diastolic mumurs
Secretions in the peripheral airways leads to what sound
Crackles
Friction rub is associated with
Pleural effusion
Low pitched wheezes are associated with
obstruction (like bronchospasm)
Emphysema will present with what breath sounds
Diminished or absent
Hyperinflated chest would give what sound with percussion
Tympanic
Consolidation (increase in secretions) would lead to what sounds
Increased fremitus with consolidation
Crackles maybe
Prone with bed flat is best used to drain what lobes
Superior segments of lower lobes
Long sitting, leaning back 30 deg is best used for
apical segments of upper lobes
Supine with head down and pt rotated one quarter backward is best for
Lingula
Lower lobe atelectasis may be cleared with what pt position
Pt on uninvolved side, one quarter turn from prone with head down 30 deg
Common position to relieve dyspnea
Forward supported sitting
It inc intraabdominal pressure and improves length tension of diaphragm and allows for accessory mm use
CO = SV x HR
SV typically plateaus when
Around 35-40% of max exercise
So then CO is augmented by an inc in HR
Inc in HR = inc in CO
Inc in SV does not always equal an increase in CO
Aging - and resting blood pressure
Resting blood pressure increases with advancing age
ABI of 0.6 =
Mdoerate peripheral artery disease
ABI of 0.9 =
normal