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SO CLOSE! Flashcards

1
Q

s/s of exercise intolerance among those undergoing cardiac rehab

A

Persistent dyspnea
Dizziness
Anginal pain
Sudden weight gain

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2
Q

Systolic - reason to terminate exercise

A

drop of 20 mmHg or more

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3
Q

Mode of action for beta blcokers

A

Dec HR
Dec contractility
Dec BP
Dec oxygen demand

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4
Q

Mode of action for ACE inhibitors

A

Reduce peripheral vascular resistance

Increase venous capacitance

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5
Q

Classic s/s of heart failure

A 
peripheral pitting edema
weight gain
jugular vein distention
diminished appetite
RUQ discomfort 
Ventricular gallop (S3)
dyspnea
paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
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6
Q

Clinical manifestations of arterial disease

A 
Pain
Pallor
Paralysis
Hair loss
Thin, shiny skin
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7
Q

Clinical manifestations of venous insufficiency

A

Edema
Hemosiderin staining
Normal arterial pulses

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8
Q

Sounds between S1 and S2 are called

A

Systolic murmurs

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9
Q

Sounds between S2 and S1 are called

A

Diastolic mumurs

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10
Q

Secretions in the peripheral airways leads to what sound

A

Crackles

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11
Q

Friction rub is associated with

A

Pleural effusion

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12
Q

Low pitched wheezes are associated with

A

obstruction (like bronchospasm)

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13
Q

Emphysema will present with what breath sounds

A

Diminished or absent

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14
Q

Hyperinflated chest would give what sound with percussion

A

Tympanic

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15
Q

Consolidation (increase in secretions) would lead to what sounds

A

Increased fremitus with consolidation

Crackles maybe

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16
Q

Prone with bed flat is best used to drain what lobes

A

Superior segments of lower lobes

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17
Q

Long sitting, leaning back 30 deg is best used for

A

apical segments of upper lobes

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18
Q

Supine with head down and pt rotated one quarter backward is best for

A

Lingula

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19
Q

Lower lobe atelectasis may be cleared with what pt position

A

Pt on uninvolved side, one quarter turn from prone with head down 30 deg

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20
Q

Common position to relieve dyspnea

A

Forward supported sitting

It inc intraabdominal pressure and improves length tension of diaphragm and allows for accessory mm use

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21
Q

CO = SV x HR

SV typically plateaus when

A

Around 35-40% of max exercise
So then CO is augmented by an inc in HR
Inc in HR = inc in CO
Inc in SV does not always equal an increase in CO

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22
Q

Aging - and resting blood pressure

A

Resting blood pressure increases with advancing age

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23
Q

ABI of 0.6 =

A

Mdoerate peripheral artery disease

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24
Q

ABI of 0.9 =

A

normal

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25
Q

ABI of 1.1 =

A

arterial calcification

26
Q

ABI of 1.0 =

27
Q

Incentive spirometry is used to help a pt achieve

A

Sustained max inspiration

28
Q

Resistance training post CABG

A

not until at least 8 wks

29
Q

Low hematocrit indicates ___ and can lead to ___

A

Indicates anemia

Can lead to hypoxia

30
Q

Low platelets can lead to

A

Excessive bruising

31
Q

First degree heart block =

32
Q

Second degree type 1

A

Progressively lengthening PR ; drops QRS every 4th

33
Q

Second degree type II

A

Progressively lengthening PR ; drops WRS every 2, 3, or 4th

34
Q

R BBB

A

Rs go below isoelelectric line

35
Q

L BBB

A

Rs don’t go below isoelectric line

Mountain looking one

36
Q

Normal platelet

A

150,000 to 400,000

37
Q

Normal WBC

A

4,500 - 11,000

38
Q

Normal hemoglobin

A

12-18 g/dL

39
Q

Normal INR

A

0.9 - 1.1

When on anticoagulants - will be 2 - 3.5

40
Q

Pleural effusion - what breath sounds

A

Decreased

Decreased fremitus?

41
Q

Sequence for cough

A

Inspiration greater than tidal volume
Closure of glottis
Abdominal mm cx
Sudden opening of glottis

42
Q

Taking digitalis does what to EKG

A

Lengthens PR interval

43
Q

HR inc during phase 1 of cardiac rehab

A

no more than 130 bpm
No more than 20 bpm over resting
If surgical, no more than 30 bpm over resting

44
Q

Upper limit of DBP in phase 1

45
Q

Max aerobic capacity for M and W typically ranges from what to what (in METs)

46
Q

Exercise stress test - positive if

A

There is presence of ischemia

47
Q

To determine max oxygen uptake with a submax exercise test using cycle ergometer - what needs to be considered

A

HR

Workload

48
Q

Tidal volume is what percent of total lung capacity

49
Q

Average tidal volume

50
Q

Average total lung capacity

A

4,000 - 6,000 mL

51
Q

IRV what percent of total lung capacity

52
Q

Residual volume - average and what percent of total

A

1,000 mL

25%

53
Q

Functional residual capacity - what percent of total

54
Q

Dependent edema - associated with

A

R sided heart failure!

55
Q

Pulmonary edema - associated with

A

L sided heart failure!

56
Q

Persistent cough - associated with R or L heart failure

57
Q

Level walking at 1 mph - how many METs

58
Q

Jogging at 5 mph is how many METs

59
Q

Cycling at 10 mph is how many METs

60
Q

Walking on a treadmill at 3 mph is how many METs

61
Q

Chronic corticosteroid use effect on BP

A

Increased BP

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