x Micro, 5, Disease Resistance, Immune System

Question 1

Pathology

Answer 1

study of disease

Question 2

Etiology

Answer 2

cause of disease

Question 3

Etiological agent

Answer 3

the agent of disease, the “bug

Question 4

Pathogenesis

Answer 4

the way a disease develops

Question 5

Infection

Answer 5

invasion of body by microorgs

Question 6

Infestation

Answer 6

invasion

Question 7

Symbiosis

Answer 7

relationship btwn hose and micro, living together

Question 8

3 types of Symbiosis

Answer 8

• Parasitism
• Commensalism
• Mutualism

Question 9

Virulence

Answer 9

degree of pathogenicity

Question 10

Microbrial Antagonism

Answer 10

competition btwn microbes

Question 11

Progress of Disease

Answer 11

Incubation, Latency, Subclinical, Prodromal, Illness, Decline, Convalescence

Question 12

Clinical Disease

Answer 12

stage when patient begins to show SS

Question 13

Subclinical Disease

Answer 13

when person sick, but no obvious ss

Question 14

Communicable Disease

Answer 14

transmitted directly or indirectly from one host to another

Question 15

Contagious Disease

Answer 15

disease easily spread from one person to another

Question 16

Noncommunicable Disease

Answer 16

disease not transmitted from one to another

Question 17

Types of Disease

Answer 17

Endemic
Epidemic
Pandemic

Question 18

Endemic

Answer 18

.

Question 19

Epidemic

Answer 19

.

Question 20

Pandemic

Answer 20

.

Question 21

Reservoir of infection

Answer 21

sources of infection

Question 22

Reserve

Answer 22

source of supply

Question 23

Carrier

Answer 23

had disease and recovered but continues to shed infectious organisms to human carrier

Question 24

Zoonoses

Answer 24

animal disease spread to human (rabies, lyme)

Question 25

non-living reservoir

Answer 25

soil/water (botulism, tetanus)

Question 26

LD50

Answer 26

Dose of microorgs that will kill 50% of hosts

Question 27

Mucin

Answer 27

sticky protein traps microbes nad diret and protects inner bdy

Question 28

Ciliary escalator

Answer 28

microbes trapped in mucus transported away from lungs.

Question 29

Lysozyme

Answer 29

enzyme that breaks down cell wall

Question 30

Process of Phagocytosis

Answer 30

• Attachment
• Ingestion
• Phagosome (bubble like organelle)
• Lysosome (digestive enzymes)
• Residual Body (indigestible material)
• Egestion (indigestible material expelled)

Question 31

Opsonization

Answer 31

Microorgs coated by protein to make them more easily phagocytized. (M&Ms)

Question 32

Body’s natural response to tissue injury

Answer 32

-redness, pain, heat, swelling, loss of fx

Question 33

Inflammation process

Answer 33

1. Vasodilation
2. Chemicals (histamines, kinins, prostaglandins, leukotriens)
3. Margination (walling off localized infection))
4. Adhesion (leukocytes adhere to endothelial cells in response to cytokines)
5. Migration (neutrophils, monocytes, macrophage into tissue)
6. Tissue Repair (stroma or parenchyma produce new cells)

Question 34

Chemicals released by Inflammatoin

Answer 34

• Histamine
• Kinins
• Prostaglandins
• Leukotrienes

Question 35

Haptens

Answer 35

little bad guys

Question 36

5 classes of Antibodies

Answer 36

IgM - 1st to appear (First responders, EMT)

IgG - 2nd common (lasting immun)

IgA - in external secretions, mucus, tears, GI etc (wet/sticky)

IgD - very small amount on B-Lyphocyte (sensor)

IgE - Allergy

Question 37

Active Immun

Answer 37

your body makes it

Question 38

Natural Active

Answer 38

you naturally got pox and body made antibodies

Question 39

Artificial Active

Answer 39

vaccine

Question 40

Passive Immun

Answer 40

you don’t make anti. you receive from outside source.

Question 41

Natural Passive

Answer 41

mom –> baby

Question 42

Artificial Passive

Answer 42

Antibody from outside. (rabies shot)

Question 43

Attenuated Vaccine

Answer 43

LIVE

Question 44

4 types of Hypersensititivity

Answer 44

1,2,3, - Immediate
4- delayed

1 - anaphylactic
2 - Cytotoxic
3 - Imm Complex Hypersensitivity
4 - Hypersensitivity