x exam 2 digestive system development Flashcards

1
Q

primitive tubular gut formed during

A

body folding (endoderm and splanchnic mesoderm)

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2
Q

transient loss of patency

A

near end of embryonic period rapid proliferation of endoderm occludes lumen

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3
Q

eventually, ____ form

A

vacuoles; and coalesce re-opening the tube; purpose unknown

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4
Q

arterial blood supply divides into 3 regions

A

foregut, midgut, hindgut

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5
Q

artery that supplies foregut

A

celiac a.

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6
Q

artery that supplies midgut

A

cranial mesenteric artery

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7
Q

artery that supplies hindgut

A

caudal mesenteric a.

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8
Q

derivatives of parts cranial to celiac artery supplies

A

pharynx and esophagus

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9
Q

celiac artery suppies

A

stomach, descending duodenum, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas

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10
Q

cranial mesenteric artery connected to

A

yolk sac via yolk stalk

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11
Q

derivateves of midgut

A
ascending duodenum
jejunum
ileum
cecum
ascending colon
oral transverse colon
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12
Q

derivatives of hindgut

A

aboral transverse colon
descending colon
cloaca (rectum an durogenital exit paths)

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13
Q

pharyngeal arches give rise to

A

ventral head and neck structures

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14
Q

____ pairs form in squential order from cranial to caudal

A

6

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15
Q

each arch is composed of

A

outer ectoderm
inner endoderm
core of mesoderm

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16
Q

arches are separated by

A

pharyngeal celft externally (1st -6th) and pharyngeal pouch internally (1-6th)

17
Q

pharyngeal pouch is the

18
Q

1st pair of pharyngeal arches

A

mouth and nose

19
Q

1st arches are cranial to

A

1st pharyngeal pouch

20
Q

1st pharyngeal arch forms

A

right and left mandibular swellings
right and left maxillary swellings (upper jaw and part of palate)
single, midline frontonasal swelling (part of palate; 2 plates thickend ectoderm-nares)

21
Q

palte formation caudally

A

oropharngeal membrane

22
Q

roof of mouth rostrally

A

frontonasal process

23
Q

roof of mouth laterally

A

maxillary processes of 1st pair pharyngeal arches

24
Q

floor of mouth

A

mandibular processes of 1st pair pharyngeal arches

25
palate will separate
oral and nasal cavities
26
palate formation forms from
2 primordia associated with roof of stomodeum (primary palate and secondary palate)
27
primary palate forms from
fusion of medial nasal prominences and maxillary prominences to incisive region (insciors, incisive bone, superior labia, rostral most hard palate (rostral to incisive foramen))
28
failure of primary palate to fuse results in
cleft lip, cleft primary palate
29
fused medial nasal prominences becomes the
nasal septum
30
medial nasal processes fuse with
maxillary processes
31
most common defect of primary palate occurs at
maxillary/medial nasal process junction and thus off midline
32
secondary palate
mesodermal projections from maxillary processes= palatine shelves or lateral palatine processes grow into developing oronasal cavity (lateral-medial) fuse on midline (majority of hard palate; caudal to incisvie foramen; all of soft palate)
33
failure of mesodermal projections to fuse
cleft of secondary palate (midline)