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WWII Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the objectivity of morality

A

Moral values and duties are not relative to circumstance, or true simply according to a person’s subjective opinion

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2
Q

What is the nature of God

A

That than which no greater can be conceived - anselm

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3
Q

About God and time

A

God is not necessarily bound by time, he sees all of history from beginning to end

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4
Q

What is the intellectual problem of evil

A

God cannot logically exist in a world where evil exists

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5
Q

Emotional problem of evil

A

God wouldn’t or shouldn’t let bad things happen if he is good

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6
Q

Problems with intellectual and emotional

A

Intellectual heartless and cruel

Emotional is superficial

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7
Q

What is disarmament

A

Decrease size of military

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8
Q

Washington conference

A

International meeting focusing on naval disarmament

Charles Evan Hughes proposal

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9
Q

What did Hughes propose

A

Destroy 66 large warships

10 year naval holiday

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10
Q

What was the four power treaty

A

UK, France, Japan, US
Respect territory in pacific
Japanese diplomat said they were ready for a new order of thought and international friendship for the greater good of humanity

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11
Q

What was the Kellogg Briand pact

A

US and France outlaw war except for defensive
Joined by 62 countries
Japan breaks out

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12
Q

What did Japan do after the Kellogg Briand pact

A

Invades China

No sanctions imposed

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13
Q

What happened to the League of Nations

A

Refused to disarm

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14
Q

What did Mussolini do

A

Founded fascist party
Invaded Ethiopia 1935
Wanted a return to the glory days of ROme

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15
Q

Fascism

A

Military dominated government should control all society

Black shirts

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16
Q

Stalin

A 
Leader of communist party
Assassinated his opponents and anyone he thought was a threat
Purges
Totalitarian state
30 million dead
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17
Q

What happened to stalin’s opponents

A

Sent to camps

15 million sent by 1933

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18
Q

About totalitarian state

A

Seized private land

Created large state run farms

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19
Q

Hitler’s rise

A

Leader of Nazi party
Wrote mein Kampf
Blamed Jews for German troubles
Rearmed Germany
Violated treaty of Versailles
Determined to strengthen economy and increase employment
Buildup armed forces most important for political power

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20
Q

Militarism in Japan

A

Lessen reliance on foreign imports
Lessen western influence in Asia
Increase Japanese expansion to make empire

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21
Q

Benefits of empire

A

Iron
Petrol
Rubber
Wood

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22
Q

1931 Japan

A

Invades Manchuria

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23
Q

1934 Japan

A

Rapid increase in navy

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24
Q

1937 Japan

A

Nanking massacre
Rape of Nanking
40000-300000 unarmed civilians killed

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25
Q

Appeasement

A

Giving in in an attempt to avoid larger conflict

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26
Q

Munich conference

A

Hitler, Mussolini, chamberlain, palodier
Agreed to give Germany Sudetenland
Peace in our time

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27
Q

Who did Sudetenland belong to

A

Czechoslovakia

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28
Q

Non-aggression pact

A

Hitler and Stalin

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29
Q

September 1, 1939

A

Germany invades Poland using blitzkrieg
England and France declare war on Germany
Soviet state invade Poland from east and declared war on Finland

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30
Q

What is blitzkrieg

A

Lightning warfare

Bombers, tanks, infantry

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31
Q

Maginot line

A

French defensive perimeter along German border
Germans go around
France defeated in 6 weeks

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32
Q

Dunkirk evacuation

A

330,000 British and French troops successfully retreat across English Channel
Vichy France established

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33
Q

Vichy

A

German puppet government

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34
Q

Change of power in England

A

Chamberlain, peace in our time, to Churchill, this was our finest hour

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35
Q

Lend lease act

A

US appropriated 7 billion for military supplies and sent them to the allies
March 1941

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36
Q

Attacks before Pearl Harbor

A

German subs attack ships in North Atlantic
Germany invades USSR June 1941
Japan invades French Indochina July 1941

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37
Q

Events in Japan before Pearl Harbor

A

Hideki Tojo becomes prime minister
US placed embargo on Japan
Restricted gas, machines, steel

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38
Q

Pearl Harbor

A 
December 7, 1941
Japan launches surprise attack on US naval base at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii
2400 Americans killed
20 warships, 200 aircraft destroyed
A date which will live in infamy
US declares war on Japan
Germany declares war on US
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39
Q

What did axis do, strengths

A

remobilized armies
Built airfields, barracks, training centers
Converted economies to military production

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40
Q

Allied advantage

A

USSR had huge military

Huge production capacity of the US

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41
Q

US mobilizing for war

A

Factories converted to produce military assets
Women work in factories
Government expands control over economy
Selective training and service act

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42
Q

Wartime productions

A 
Planes
Naval ships
Tanks
Rifles
Ammo
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43
Q

How does government expand control over the economy

A

Increased income tax
Fixed wages
Rationed scarce items

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44
Q

Who can get drafted

A

Men 21-35

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45
Q

How many men in 1941

A

450000

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46
Q

How many men 1945

A

12 million

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47
Q

Women in the war

A

300000 volunteers
Nurses
WAAC
WASPS

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48
Q

What was WAAC

A

Women’s auxiliary army corps

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49
Q

What was WASPS

A

Women’s Air Force service pilots

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50
Q

What happened to Japanese Americans

A

Placed in internment camps

Suffered severe discrimination during war

51
Q

Philippines

A

Japanese major advances
Douglas MacArthur commanded all US army in Pacific
Outnumbered and forced to flee to Australia
said I shall return to the Filipinos

52
Q

Pacific victories

A

Midway

Guadalcanal

53
Q

Midway

A

June 1942
Japan attempts to crush US naval fleet
US fighters sink four Japanese aircraft carriers

54
Q

Guadalcanal

A

August 1942
US troops capture the island
Lasted 6 months, Japan refused to surrender
US navy defeats Japanese counterattack

55
Q

Bonhoeffer

A

German priest
Fled when Nazis came to power
Went back to support Christians being persecuted in Germany
Acted as double agent

56
Q

Bonhoeffer as a spy

A

Worked for German intelligence agency
Anti hitler resistance
Imprisoned 1943
Executed by order of Hitler 1945

57
Q

Quote about Bonhoeffer

A

Less about avoiding sin, more about courageously doing God’s will

58
Q

North Africa invasion

A

Operation torch

Rommel and Eisenhower

59
Q

About Rommel

A

Erwin Rommel
Desert fox
Commanded German Afrika korps

60
Q

About Eisenhower

A

Commanded US and British troops

Forced German surrender in May 43

61
Q

Italy invasion

A

Sicily captured in 1 month
Led by General George s Patton
Italians overthrow Mussolini
Germans in Italy defeated January 44

62
Q

Big three

A

FDR
Churchill
Stalin

63
Q

DDay

A 
June 6, 1944
Operation Overlord
Allied invasion of Normandy, France
Canada, US, UK
Airborne assault
Paratroopers
Amphibious assault
Naval bombardment
5 beach sectors
Largest seaborne invasion in history
64
Q

About paratroopers

A

Dropped behind German “Atlantic wall” at night

101st airborne

65
Q

Objectives of DDay

A

Establish a beachhead - base of operation
Capture key cities of Caretan, St. Lo, Caen, and Bayeux
Kill hitler
Defeat Germany

66
Q

About the amphibious assault

A

Naval bombardment

67
Q

The five beaches

A

Utah, Omaha - US
Juno - Canada
Gold, Sword - UK
Fighting most intense at Omaha

68
Q

Battle of the bulge

A

Allies cross German border September 1944
Germans launch counterattack and drove them back
101st airborne completely surrounded during winter at Bastogne Belgium
Germans demand American surrender
General Anthony McAuliff said Nuts
Germans retreat January 1945

69
Q

Yalta conference

A

Roosevelt, Churchill, Stalin
Discussed plans for postwar peace
Agreed to divide and occupy Germany
Groundwork laid for UN

70
Q

Allied bombers

A

Devastated German cities

Firestorm in Dresden

71
Q

Churchill

A

Concerned soviet state will claim territory seized

72
Q

Eisenhower

A

Calls halt

Doesn’t want politics to determine military strategy

73
Q

Roosevelt

A

Dies April 12, 1945

Truman becomes president

74
Q

End of hitler

A

Commits suicide April 30, 45 in bunker in Berlin

75
Q

VE Day

A

Unconditional surrender from Germany
May 7, 1945
World discovers holocaust

76
Q

US objective in Asia

A

Capture an island within striking distance of Japan

77
Q

Island hopping

A

Attack and seize strategic Japanese held islands large enough to build airstrips

78
Q

Recapturing the Philippines

A

McArthur returns June 1943
Battle of Leyte Gulf
Japan subdued by Feb 1945

79
Q

Leyte gulf

A

Largest naval engagement in pacific

Japanese navy destroyed

80
Q

Iwo Jima

A

US marines attack in February 1945
Met strong resistance
Japanese utilized elaborate tunnel systems and bunkers
US victory

81
Q

What did Ted A say about Iwo Jima

A

Casualties volcanic, enormous

There was little concealment like a piece of moon dropped on earth

82
Q

Okinawa

A 
US troops land without incident
Japanese retreat and prepare counterattack
700 Japanese planes attack US beachhead 
350 kamikaze
US victory
Realization the Japan will fight to end
Bombers in range of Japanese mainland
83
Q

About kamikaze

A

Divine wind

Nothing was surprise but kamikaze. Admiral Nimitz

84
Q

Casualties of Okinawa

A

49000 Americans

100000 Japanese

85
Q

Atomic bomb

A

Top secret Manhattan project
Einstein
Robert J. Oppenheimer
Successful test in NM

86
Q

Oppenheimer quote

A

Now I am become death, destroyer of worlds

87
Q

Casualties of seaborn invasion

A

500000-1 million Americans

5-10 million Japanese

88
Q

Potsdam Conference

A

Ultimatum of unconditional surrender sent to Japan July 26

July 28 - refused

89
Q

Hiroshima bomb

A

August 6
Dropped by B29 Enola gay
Killed 150000

90
Q

Nagasaki

A

August 9

Killed 75000

91
Q

VJ Day

A

Japanese surrender September 2, 1945

92
Q

What was the holocaust

A

Systematic and industrialized mass murder of Jews, homosexuals, gypsies/Roma, and political prisoners

93
Q

Genocide

A

Deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular ethnic group or nation

94
Q

Jan 30, 1933

A

Hitler appointed chancellor of Germany

95
Q

March 22, 1933

A

Dachau opens

96
Q

April 1, 1935

A

Boycott of Jewish shops

97
Q

September 15, 1935

A

Nuremberg laws enacted

98
Q

What were the Nuremberg laws

A

Jews no longer German citizens

99
Q

April 26, 1938

A

Mandatory registration of all property held by Jews

100
Q

November 9, 1938

A

Kristallnacht

101
Q

What was kristallnacht

A

Night of broken glass

Jewish synagogues, homes, and businesses destroyed

102
Q

September 1, 1939

A

Germany invades Poland

WWII begins

103
Q

November 23, 1939

A

Jews in Poland forced to wear armband or yellow star

104
Q

November 15, 1940

A

Warsaw ghetto sealed off with 500000 inhabitants

105
Q

October 1941

A

Auschwitz extermination camp established

106
Q

December 11, 1941

A

US declares war on Japan

107
Q

Jan 20, 1942

A

Nazis reveal official plan to murder all Jews on the European continent

108
Q

Jan 1943

A

German 5th army surrenders at Stalingrad

109
Q

March 1943

A

Warsaw ghetto uprising

110
Q

July 20 1044

A

Group of German officers attempt to assassinate Hitler

111
Q

October 7, 1944

A

Revolt by Auschwitz inmates

One crematorium blown up

112
Q

November 2, 1944

A

Gassing ceases at Auschwitz

113
Q

January 17, 1945

A

Evacuation of Auschwitz, beginning of death march

114
Q

April 1945

A

USSR enters Germany

115
Q

What was the final solution

A

Hitler’s plan to “cleanse” Europe of Jews

116
Q

Methods of extermination

A

Mass shootings

Gas chambers with Zyklon B gas

117
Q

What countries affected by holocaust

A

Poland, France, Netherlands, Russia, Italy

118
Q

What did German squads to do “Undesirables”

A

Rounded them up and sent them to concentration camps by rail cars

119
Q

Forced labor camps

A

Dachau, buchenwald,

120
Q

Death camps

A

Auschwitz
Treblinka
Belzec

121
Q

Sign at dachau

A

Work makes you free

122
Q

What happened to the bodies

A

Cremated

123
Q

Aftermath of holocaust

A

6 million Jews executed

9 million murdered

124
Q

If humans do not have free will can they be held___?

Answer???

A

Responsible for acts detrimental to society

No, all actions are predestined

US History (13 decks)

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