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US History > Unit 5 > Flashcards

Unit 5 Flashcards

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1
Q

Beginning of Civil War

A

April 12, 1861

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2
Q

Declaration of Independence

A

July 4, 1776

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3
Q

Armistice

A

November 11, 1918

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4
Q

Plessy vs. Ferguson

A

1896

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5
Q

Louisiana Purchase

A

1803

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6
Q

Jamestown Colony

A

1607

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7
Q

WWI Starts

A

1914

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8
Q

End of Civil War

A

April 9, 1865

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9
Q

Constitution Ratified

A

1788

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10
Q

Columbus’s voyage

A

1492

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11
Q

What is imperialism?

A

The policy of extending a country’s power and influence through diplomacy or military force

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12
Q

Imperialism in this time

A

Industrialized nations attempt to seize control of Asia, Africa, and Latin America

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13
Q

What is isolationism

A

Policy of remaining apart from the affairs of other countries

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14
Q

What did Henry Cabot Lodge want

A

US to join imperial competition to maintain economic and military strength

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15
Q

Who wrote the Influence of sea power on history

A

Alfred Thayer Mayan

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16
Q

What did mahan say

A

US needs a strong navy to protect economic interests

Navies need overseas bases

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17
Q

What is a naval overseas base

A

Coaling station

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18
Q

Significance of Hawaii

A

Perfectly positioned for naval base

2000 mi from CA

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19
Q

who was Kalakaua

A

Hawaiian king who was forced to sign the bayonet constitution at gunpoint

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20
Q

What did the bayonet constitution say

A

Limits the king and the natives in their governmental roles

Allowed the US to build Pearl Harbor

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21
Q

Who attempted to replace the bayonet constitution

A

Queen Liliuokalani

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22
Q

What did Liliuokalani do

A

Peacefully stepped down after supporters of annexation occupied the government

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23
Q

When was Hawaii annexed as a territory

A

1898

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24
Q

When was Hawaii a state

A

1959

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25
Q

when did the US apologize for the bayonet constitution

A

1993

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26
Q

Why did the US get involved in China

A

Increased trade between US, Europe, and China made the US want more influence in Chinese markets

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27
Q

Trouble with China

A

Difficult time managing foreign influence

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28
Q

What is a sphere of influence

A

Regions where a particular country has exclusive rights over mines, railroads, and trade

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29
Q

What was the open door policy

A

Secretary of State John hay sent out open door notes to Europe and Japan that asked to share

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30
Q

What was the boxer rebellion

A

Secret society - the fists of righteous harmony - wanted to get rid of all foreign influence in China, but failed

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31
Q

What started the Spanish American war

A

Cuban Revolution where they rebelled against the Spanish

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32
Q

Who led the Cuban Revolution

A

Jose Marti

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33
Q

Who was marti

A

Born in Havana
Supporter of Cuban independence
Urged Cuban exiles in America to stage a revolt
“martyred” in 1895

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34
Q

Who did Spain send to CUba

A

General Valeriano Weyler

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35
Q

What was Weyler’s nickname

A

The butcher

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36
Q

What did Weyler do

A

200000 Cubans died in camps

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37
Q

Who was William Randolph Hearst

A

Owner of NY journal
Encouraged US intervention in Cuba
Yellow journalism

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38
Q

Yellow journalism

A

Sensational and crudely exaggerated journalism

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39
Q

What was the USS Maine and what happened

A

American Battleship sent to Havana to protect Americans
Explodes in the harbor
Cause uncertain
US declares war on Spain

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40
Q

About the Maine

A

Remember the Maine

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41
Q

What did TR say to start Spanish American war

A

If war breaks out, immediately attack the Philippines

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42
Q

When was war declared

A

April 25

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43
Q

When did commodore George Dewey start fighting

A

May 1

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44
Q

What was the battle of Manila bay

A

You may fire when ready, gridley - Dewey said

US defeated the Spanish flotilla

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45
Q

When was the battle of Manila bay

A

5:30am-12:40 pm

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46
Q

How many US casualties in the battle of Manila bay and how

A

1 - sunstroke

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47
Q

How many rough riders

A

1000

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48
Q

Who led the rough riders

A

TR

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49
Q

Who were rough riders

A

College athletes
Cowboys and ranchers
American natives

50
Q

What was the battle is San Juan hill

A

Americans fought up hill

Captured ridge overlooking Santiago

51
Q

What happened when Spain surrendered

A

Cuba gains independence

US gets Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines

52
Q

Casualties of Spanish American war

A

Cuban - 10000
US - 5400
Spanish - 80000 - disease

53
Q

Said about the Spanish American war and by whom

A

It has been a splendid little war - John hay

54
Q

Conflict about Philippines

A

Annexation or independence

55
Q

What do opponents of Philippine annexation say

A

Declaration of Independence

56
Q

What do proponents of Philippine annexation say

A

Economic benefits

57
Q

Senate about Philippine annexation

A

Approved

58
Q

What did the Philippines do when annexed

A

Fought for 1899-1902

59
Q

How many died in Philippine insurrection

A

Us - 4000

Philippine - 200000 - mostly civilian

60
Q

When did the Philippines gain their independence

A

1946

61
Q

What happened in the Panama Canal

A

French attempted, but failed
Roosevelt starts it again
Built 1904-1914

62
Q

About Latin American colonies

A

In debt to European leaders

Roosevelt worried collectors would use military force to collect loans

63
Q

What was the Roosevelt corollary

A

Pledged to use US armed forces to prevent European countries from seizing Latin American territories

64
Q

About Roosevelt’s big stick diplomacy in his corollary

A

If nation keeps order and pays obligation, the US will not interfere
If there is wrongdoing in the west, the US will use police action reluctantly

65
Q

What did Taft do

A

Expanded US influence in Latin AMerica
Favored dollar diplomacy over military force
Used economic influence to protect US interest
Replaced European loans with American loans

66
Q

Wilson

A

Believed democratic governments in Latin America would keep out European powers
Sent in Marines to foreign companies

67
Q

What did the marines do

A

Put down rebellions

Established constitutional governments

68
Q

Causes of WWI

A

Rising nationalism
Serbia encourages independence
Militarism and alliances

69
Q

Where was nationalism high

A

Balkans

70
Q

About the balkans

A

Unstable region

4 ethnic groups

71
Q

Groups in the Balkans

A

Albanians, Greeks, Romanians, Slavs

72
Q

About Serbia and rebellion

A

Bosnia and Herzegovina are occupied by Austria-Hungary

Serbia incites Slavs to rebel

73
Q

What is militarism

A

The glorification of military strength

74
Q

About the arms race

A

European powers build up large armies and powerful weapons

Nations form alliances

75
Q

Alliances -

A

Britain, France, Russia

Germany and Austria-Hungary

76
Q

What were the long max and the Paris guns

A

75 mi range
Shot up so they’d crash down and cause chaos
German

77
Q

What action started WWI

A

Archduke Franz Ferdinand assassinated in Sarajevo, Bosnia by Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princip

78
Q

Who was archduke Franz Ferdinand

A

Heir to Austrian-Hungarian throne

79
Q

How many nations involved in WWI

A

30

80
Q

Allied powers nickname

A

Triple entente

81
Q

Who in triple entente

A

Britain, France, Russia

82
Q

Central powers nickname

A

Triple alliance

83
Q

Who in triple alliance

A

Germany, Austria-Hungary, The Ottoman Empire, Bulgaria

84
Q

What about Italy

A

goes from Central to Allied because of a land dispute

85
Q

What was the Schlieffen plan

A

To defeat the French in 6 weeks before the Russians could mobilize
Avoid fighting on two fronts
Worked until battle of the Marne

86
Q

Who devised the Schlieffen plan

A

General count Alfred Von Schlieffen

87
Q

When was the Schlieffen plan

A

December 1905

88
Q

What happened at the battle of the Marne

A

Germans drove allies back to 30 mi from Paris

French and British launched counter attack and constructed trenches, pushing Germany back 40 mi

89
Q

Frenchman at the battle of the Marne

A

Commander-in-chief Joseph Joffre

90
Q

About trench warfare

A

Massive artillery barrage
Soldier’s went over the top
Stalemate

91
Q

What was over the top

A

Going across no-man’s-land to gain the enemy trench

92
Q

What was no-man’s-land

A

Thin strip of bombed-out territory, strewn with barbed wire and land mines

93
Q

Trench stalemate

A

Neither side gaining or losing ground

94
Q

What was the battle of verdin

A

The meat grinder

95
Q

What happened at verdun

A

General Falkenhayn tries to bleed French army white by causing unsustainable casualties
21 hour artillery on heavily fortified verdun
Germans repulsed
Longest battle of the war

96
Q

What was the battle of the Somme

A 
British counter-offensive to take pressure off French
Near the Somme River
60000 Brits die on the first day
Lasted 4 months
Success
97
Q

Total casualties at Somme

A

1000000

98
Q

New weapons

A 
Machine guns
Tanks
Poison gas
Submarines
Planes
99
Q

What was the United States’s official policy

A

Neutral

100
Q

Causes of US joining WWI

A

German Unrestricted submarine warfare
Sinking of the Lusitania
the Zimmerman Note

101
Q

What is unrestricted submarine warfare

A

Any vessel bound for Britain will be attacked

102
Q

When was the sinking of the Lusitania

A

May 7, 1915

103
Q

What happened at the sinking of the Lusitania

A

British passenger ship that was hit and sunk - 128 Americans killed among others

104
Q

Significance of Lusitania

A

Remember the Maine

105
Q

What did Wilson do after the Lusitania

A

Launched a military preparedness program in 1916

Increased the size of the army and navy

106
Q

What was the Zimmerman note

A

Intercepted cable from the Germans to Mexico proposing an alliance and offering lost American territories in the case of a German victory

107
Q

What territories were being offered to Mexico?

A

New Mexico, Arizona, and Texas

108
Q

When was war declared?

A

April 7, 1917

109
Q

What was the American expeditionary force

A

Regular army, national guard, new draftees, and volunteers

110
Q

Who commanded the AEF

A

General John J. Pershing

111
Q

When did the Americans arrive

A

June 1917

112
Q

Significance of American arrival

A

Boost in French morale

113
Q

What did Colonel Charles E. Stanton do

A

Went to Marquis de Lafayette’s tomb and said Lafayette, we are here

114
Q

What did Germany do when America arrived

A

Launched a Hail Mary in March 1918 with 1 million men and 6000 artillery pieces
Got within 50 miles of Paris
Americans held their ground

115
Q

What did French Marshall Ferdinand Foch do

A

United to US and took control
Gained the upper hand
Began to push Germans back

116
Q

What was the Meuse-Argonne offensive

A

The battle of Argonne forest - 3 months
Foch launches offensive along entire western front
America leads attack
German morale breaks

117
Q

How many American casualties

A

120000

118
Q

About German morale

A

Mutinies

Food riots

119
Q

About American troops

A

Fresh and eager for combat

120
Q

Who was Alvin York

A

Christian

121
Q

Wright Brothers’ Flight

A

1903

US History (13 decks)

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