Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

US History > Unit 4 > Flashcards

Unit 4 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® U.S. History flashcards World History 101 flashcards European History 101 flashcards AP® European History flashcards AP® World History flashcards World History 102 flashcards U.S. Geography flashcards U.S. History 101 flashcards U.S. History 102 flashcards
1
Q

Causes of the Second industrial revolution

A

large supply of natural resources
new inventions
growing cities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what natural resources

A

oil, coal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

how was oil first used

A

kerosene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what did edwin drake do

A

used steam engine to drill for oil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what was steel used for

A

skyscrapers, bridges, railroad tracks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

why new inventions

A

worked faster and more efficiently

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what did thomas edison invent

A

light bulb
electrical power plants
direct current electricity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what did christopher sholes invent

A

typewriter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what did the typewriter affect

A

the workplace

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what did alexander graham bell invent

A

telephone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

importance of telephone

A

instant communication over long distances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what did Henry Ford invent

A

Model T and assembly line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

why did cities grow

A

immigration brought new workers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

about immigration

A

worked for lower wages
spent money on new products
increased population density

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

who was nikola tesla

A

serbian american who worked with thomas edison, then became his rival
man who invented the 20th century

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what did tesla do

A

discovered and utilized alternating current electricity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what does ac do

A

transmits energy over longer distances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

importance of railroads

A

fast travel over long distances

increased trade between cities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

when was the transcontinental railroad built

A

1869

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

who invented the compressed air brake

A

George Westinghouse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what else did westinghouse do

A

operated AC power plants

competed with edison

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what happened in 1872

A

credit mobilier scandal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what happened at the credit mobilier scandal

A

Union Pacific Railroad bribed congressmen with shares in the Credit Mobilier Construction company, and congressmen approved federal subsidies for the cost of constructing the railroads

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what was grange’s union of farmers

A

fought railroads, lowering shipping prices

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what was the interstate commerce act

A

government gains more control over railroads

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

when was the interstate commerce act

A

1887

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what is capitalism

A

private businesses run most industries and competition determines who much goods cost, workers are paid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what is laissez faire

A

let the people do as they please, less government regulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

what is laissez faire literally

A

hands off

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

where does competition occur

A

free market

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

what is social darwinism

A

only the best people survive and succeed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

what did andrew carnegie do

A

controlled virtually the entire steel industry
believed in a free market
vertical integration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

what is vertical integration

A

buy up companies that provide raw materials

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

what did john d. rockefeller do

A

owner of standard oil
attempted to create a monopoly
formed trust
horizontal integration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

what is a monopoly

A

exclusive possession or control of the supply or trade in a commodity or service

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

what is trust

A

several companies turn over stock to one group of trustees who work as one large mega company

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

what is horizontal integration

A

buy up competitors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

negative aspects of big business

A

too much power for too few
once a monopoly is formed, owner can charge as much as he wants
mistreated workers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

how were workers mistreated

A

long hours
low pay
poor conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

what was a labor union

A

formed by workers to demand improvements in salaries and working conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

what did samuel gompers do

A

formed american federation of labor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

how did gompers act

A

strikes

collective bargaining

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

what is collective bargaining

A

negotiating between workers and business owners

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

who was Karl Marx

A

German philosopher who lived in England

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Marx’s beliefs

A 
against capitalism
economics drive history
bourgeoisie benefited, proletariat suffered
remove inequalities of wealth
communism
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

what political system removes inequalities of wealth

A

marxism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

what did marx write

A

communist manifesto

48
Q

what did the communist manifesto say

A

no individual ownership of property

property and production owned by community

49
Q

what was the social gospel movement

A

preached salvation through helping the poor

50
Q

what did the social gospel movement do

A

created settlement houses

51
Q

what did a settlement house do

A

community centers for immigrants

schooling, health care, career training

52
Q

importance of social gospel movement

A

influenced progressive reformers

53
Q

what is populism

A

political doctrine that appeals to the general population, in contrast to upper class

54
Q

what happened in 1890

A

farmers and workers unite to fight mega trust companies
formed populist party
anti-trust agenda

55
Q

election of 1880

A

James A Garfield (R) vs. Winfield S. Hancock (D)
Smallest popular vote in history
garfield wins by 2000 popular, considerable electoral

56
Q

what happened to garfield

A

assassinated 200 days after election

57
Q

election of 1888

A

Benjamin Harrison (R) vs. Grover Cleveland (D)
Cleveland wins popular, but not electoral
Harrison wins

58
Q

what was the progressive movement

A

an effort to cure American society of the ills developed during the industrial revolution

59
Q

what did progressives believe

A

rejected social darwinism
believed man was capable of improving society
government should help improve
remove corruption
people directly active in political process
more democracy

60
Q

what is a muckraker

A

journalist who worked to expose social, corporate, and political corruption

61
Q

what did muckrakers do

A

detailed horrors of poverty, dangerous factory conditions, and child labor

62
Q

famous muckraker

A

upton sinclair

63
Q

what did sinclair write

A

the jungle

64
Q

when was the jungle written

A

1905

65
Q

what did the jungle do

A

exposed labor abuses in meat packing industry

led to pure food and drug act and the meat inspection act

66
Q

when was Roosevelt president

A

1901-1909

67
Q

why did roosevelt have weird terms

A

was vice president for william mckinley who was assassinated

68
Q

who assassinated mckinley

A

leon czolgosz

69
Q

when was mckinley elected

A

1900

70
Q

what is a bully pulpit

A

a public position of authority that provides its occupant an opportunity to speak out on vital issues

71
Q

when was roosevelt reelected

A

1904

72
Q

roosevelt’s second campaign strategy

A

square deal

73
Q

what was the square deal

A

see every man has a square deal, no less and no more

74
Q

what did roosevelt believe

A

balance of businesses, consumers, and laborers

75
Q

who ya gonna call

A

trustbusters

76
Q

what did the trustbusters do

A

worked to break up and outlaw monopolies

77
Q

specific trustbuster case

A

us attorney general sues j p morgan and railroad barons

78
Q

what did j p morgan and the railroad barons do

A

violated the anti-trust act

79
Q

tr quote

A

we draw the line at misconduct, not wealth

80
Q

what were the election reforms

A

initiative
referendum
recall

81
Q

what is initiative

A

gives voters the right to propose laws

82
Q

referendum

A

the right to vote on initiatives

83
Q

recall

A

gave voters the right to force politicians out to be reelected

84
Q

what numbers were the progressive amendments

A

16, 17, 18, 19, 20

85
Q

what was the 16th amendment

A

income tax is legal

86
Q

17th

A

popular election of senators

87
Q

18

A

prohibition of alcohol

88
Q

19th

A

women’s suffrage

89
Q

20th

A

beginning and ending of presidential terms clarified

90
Q

who was web dubois

A

first african american do get a harvard doctorate
professor at atlanta unversity and political activist
strong supporter of civil rights

91
Q

what did dubois believe

A

african americans should be politically active and pursue education

92
Q

what else did dubois do

A

passionate interest in africa
wrote the souls of black folks
dual identity - african and american

93
Q

how many women worked in 1900

A

1/5

94
Q

what started women’s suffrage

A

women became more educated

95
Q

what organized for women’s suffrage

A

national women’s suffrage association

96
Q

who nawsa

A

susan b. anthony

97
Q

what did anthony do

A

fought for right to vote, first at the state level, then an amendment

98
Q

when was women’s rights

A

june 4, 1919

99
Q

what was the prohibition

A

outlawing the manufacturing or sale of alcohol

100
Q

who started prohibition

A

women

101
Q

what happened at prohibition

A

rise in organized crime

102
Q

what is a speakeasy

A

illegal liquor club

103
Q

when was prohibition repealed

A

1933

21st amendment

104
Q

what did the us do to make up for the 21st amendment

A

taxed alcohol

105
Q

who was john muir

A

progressive naturalist and writer

106
Q

what did muir do

A

convinced roosevelt to start the federal parks program

107
Q

roosevelt and nature

A

pushed for conservation of land - loved land

108
Q

wright brothers flight

A

1903

109
Q

beginning of civil war

A

april 12, 1861

110
Q

declaration of independence

A

july 4, 1776

111
Q

plessy vs. ferguson

A

1896

112
Q

louisiana purchase

A

1803

113
Q

jamestown

A

1607

114
Q

end of civil war

A

april 9, 1865

115
Q

constitution ratified

A

1788

116
Q

columbus’s voyage

A

1492

US History (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions